xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision c27f7d6b9cf6d4ab01cb3d0972726c14e0aca146)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020250603:
31	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
32	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
33
3420250527:
35	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
36	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
37	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
38
39	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
40	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
41	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
42	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
43	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
44
4520250521:
46	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
47	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
48	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
49	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
50	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
51	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
52
5320250515:
54	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
55	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
56
5720250513:
58	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
59	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
60	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
61
6220250507:
63	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
64	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
65	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
66	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
67	any regression reports.
68
6920250504:
70	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
71	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
72
7320250412:
74	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
75	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
76	to be recompiled.
77	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
78
7920250409:
80	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
81	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
82	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
83	building it from ports.
84
8520250314:
86	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
87	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
88	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
89
9020250303:
91	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
92	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
93	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
94	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
95	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
96
9720250214:
98	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
99	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
100	need to be rebuilt from sources.
101
10220250201:
103	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
104	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
105	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
106	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
107	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
108	avoided.
109
11020250129:
111	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
112	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
113	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
114
11520250127:
116	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
117	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
118	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
119	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
120
12120250106:
122	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
123	targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
124	this SoC familly will be selected.
125	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
126
12720241223:
128	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
129	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
130	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
131
13220241216:
133	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
134	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
135	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
136
13720241124:
138	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
139	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
140	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
141
14220241107:
143	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
144	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
145	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
146	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
147
14820241025:
149	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
150	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
151	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
152	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
153	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
154
15520241013:
156	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
157	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
158	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
159	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
160
16120240729:
162	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
163	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
164	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
165	behaviour.
166
167	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
168	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
169	added, if necessary.
170
17120240715:
172	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
173	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
174	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
175	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
176		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
177	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
178	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
179	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
180
18120240712:
182	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
183
18420240617:
185	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
186	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
187	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
188
18920240428:
190	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
191	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
192	should install FreeBSD-audit.
193
19420240424:
195	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
196	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
197	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
198
19920240406:
200	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
201	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
202	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
203	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
204	errors in C++ programs.
205
20620240205:
207	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
208	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
209	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
210	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
211
21220240202:
213	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
214	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
215	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
216	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
217
218	The following sequencing is applied:
219
220	1. Bootstrap:
221	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
222
223	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
224	    /boot/device.hints
225	    /boot/loader.conf
226
227	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
228	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
229
230	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
231	    /boot/loader.conf.local
232
23320240201:
234	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
235	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
236	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
237	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
238	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
239
24020240111:
241	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
242	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
243	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
244	bumped to 1500010.
245
24620231120:
247	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
248	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
249	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
250	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
251	undisable ACPI by doing
252		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
253	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
254	small window where amd64 was also broken.
255
25620231113:
257	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
258	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
259
26020231027:
261	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
262	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
263
26420231018:
265	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
266	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
267
26820231010:
269	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
270	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
271	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
272	dialog(1).
273
274	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
275	from ports:
276
277	pkg install cdialog
278
27920230927:
280	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
281	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
282	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
283
28420230922:
285	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
286	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
287	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
288
28920230914:
290	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
291	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
292
29320230911:
294	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
295	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
296	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
297	for these file moves:
298
299		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
300		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
301		pkg upgrade -y
302
30320230909:
304	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
305	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
306	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
307	corresponding kernel environment variables.
308
30920230901:
310	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
311	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
312
31320230824:
314	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
315
31620230817:
317	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
318	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
319	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
320	configuration.
321
322	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
323	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
324	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
325	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
326	with the serial port at 115200.
327
32820230807:
329	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
330	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
331	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
332	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
333	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
334
33520230803:
336	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
337	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
338
33920230724:
340	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
341	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
342	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
343	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
344	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
345
34620230713:
347	stable/14 branch created.
348
34920230629:
350	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
351	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
352	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
353	file a PR and assign it to imp.
354
35520230623:
356	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
357	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
358	after upgrading.
359
36020230619:
361	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
362	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
363	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
364	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
365
366		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
367		service pf restart
368
369	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
370	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
371
37220230613:
373	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
374	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
375	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
376	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
377	already properly quoted or escaped.
378
37920230612:
380	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
381	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
382	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
383	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
384	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
385	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
386	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
387	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
388
389	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
390	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
391
39220230422:
393	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
394	using git instead.
395
39620230420:
397	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
398	eg.
399		make buildworld-jobs
400	runs
401		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
402
403	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
404
40520230316:
406	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
407	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
408	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
409	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
410	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
411	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
412	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
413	exist anymore.
414
41520230221:
416	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
417	for details.
418
41920230206:
420	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
421	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
422	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
423
42420230204:
425	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
426	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
427
42820230130:
429	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
430	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
431	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
432
43320230126:
434	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
435	system are now built unconditionally.
436
43720230113:
438	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
439	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
440
44120221212:
442	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
443	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
444
445	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
446	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
447	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
448
44920221205:
450	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
451	to reenable sendmail(8):
452
453	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
454
455	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
456
45720221204:
458	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
459	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
460	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
461	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
462	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
463	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
464
465	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
466
46720221122:
468	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
469	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
470	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
471
47220221121:
473	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
474	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
475
47620221026:
477	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
478	for pkgbase users to do:
479
480	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
481	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
482
483	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
484	installed.
485
48620221002:
487	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
488	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
489	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
490	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
491
49220220610:
493	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
494	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
495
49620211230:
497	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
498	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
499	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
500	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
501	reflect this change.
502
50320211214:
504	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
505	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
506
50720211209:
508	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
509	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
510	the coming days and weeks.
511
512	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
513	or touch
514		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
515		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
516		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
517		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
518	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
519
52020211202:
521	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
522	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
523	statement in unbound.conf:
524		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
525
526	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
527
528	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
529	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
530	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
531	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
532	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
533	such names when roaming to different homenets.
534
53520211110:
536	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
537	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
538	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
539	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
540	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
541	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
542	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
543	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
544	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
545	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
546	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
547
54820211118:
549	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
550	tree shortly.
551
55220211106:
553	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
554	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
555	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
556	may need to be modified.
557
55820211022:
559	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
560	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
561	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
562
56320211020:
564	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
565	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
566
567	# chsh -s csh
568
56920211004:
570	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
571	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
572	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
573	this change.
574
57520210923:
576	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
577	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
578	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
579	list of modules to load on their systems.
580
58120210922:
582	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
583	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
584	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
585	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
586
58720210911:
588	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
589	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
590	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
591	being loaded.
592
59320210817:
594	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
595	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
596	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
597	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
598	application-specific configuration option for applications
599	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
600
60120210811:
602	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
603	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
604
60520210730:
606	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
607	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
608	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
609	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
610
61120210729:
612	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
613	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
614	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
615
61620210716:
617	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
618	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
619	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
620
62120210715:
622	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
623	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
624	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
625	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
626	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
627	to update your sources past the above hash and do
628		% cd usr.bin/awk
629		% make clean all
630		% sudo -E make install
631	to enable building kernels again.
632
63320210708:
634	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
635	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
636	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
637
63820210707:
639	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
640	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
641
64220210624:
643	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
644	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
645	for NFSv4 mounts.
646	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
647
64820210618:
649	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
650	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
651	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
652	additions and others.
653
65420210618:
655	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
656	renamed to "untrusted".
657
65820210611:
659	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
660	please install the svn package or port.
661
66220210611:
663	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
664	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
665	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
666
66720210610:
668	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
669
67020210608:
671	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
672	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
673https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
674	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
675	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
676	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
677	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
678
67920210525:
680	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
681	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
682	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
683	detect this.
684
68520210513:
686	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
687	libraries and utilities are packaged.
688	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
689	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
690	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
691	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
692	on the system.
693
69420210426:
695	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
696	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
697	need to be rebuilt from sources.
698	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
699	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
700	is not recommended.
701
70220210411:
703	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
704	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
705	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
706	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
707	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
708	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
709
71020210330:
711	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
712	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
713	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
714	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
715
71620210225:
717	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
718	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
719	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
720
72120210128:
722	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
723	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
724	update.
725
72620210121:
727	stable/13 branch created.
728
72920210108:
730	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
731	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
732	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
733	since it was bumped so recently.
734
73520210107:
736	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
737	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
738	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
739	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
740
74120210105:
742	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
743	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
744	requires a clean build.
745
74620201223:
747	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
748	instructions can be found at
749	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
750	and other documents in that repo.
751
75220201216:
753	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
754	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
755	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
756	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
757
75820201215:
759	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
760	may be installed from ports or packages.
761
76220201124:
763	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
764	See ping(8) for details.
765
76620201108:
767	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
768	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
769	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
770
77120201030:
772	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
773	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
774	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
775	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
776	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
777
77820201026:
779	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
780	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
781	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
782	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
783	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
784	find.
785
78620200923:
787	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
788	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
789	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
790	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
791
792	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
793	command you want to un-auger the tree is
794		cd sys/amd64/conf
795		svn revert -R .
796	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
797	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
798
79920200824:
800	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
801	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
802	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
803	unless you  want to use new features.
804
805	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
806	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
807	rebuilding world may fail.
808
809	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
810	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
811
812	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
813	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
814	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
815	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
816
81720200824:
818	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
819	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
820	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
821	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
822
82320200821:
824	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
825	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
826	sources.
827
82820200817:
829	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
830	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
831
83220200816:
833	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
834	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
835	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
836	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
837
83820200810:
839	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
840	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
841	from sources, so a version bump was done.
842
84320200807:
844	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
845	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
846	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
847	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
848
84920200729:
850	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
851	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
852	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
853	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
854	continue to function.
855
856	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
857	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
858	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
859	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
860
86120200627:
862	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
863	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
864	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
865	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
866	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
867	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
868	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
869
87020200625:
871	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
872	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
873
87420200613:
875	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
876	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
877	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
878
87920200604:
880	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
881	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
882	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
883	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
884
885	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
886	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
887	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
888	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
889	/root/.shrc.
890
89120200523:
892	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
893	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
894	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
895	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
896
89720200512:
898	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
899	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
900
90120200424:
902	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
903	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
904	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
905	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
906	be functional without closefrom(2).
907
90820200414:
909	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
910	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
911	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
912	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
913	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
914	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
915
91620200310:
917	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
918	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
919	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
920	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
921
92220200309:
923	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
924	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
925	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
926
92720200301:
928	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
929
93020200229:
931	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
932	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
933	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
934
93520200229:
936	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
937	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
938
93920200229:
940	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
941	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
942	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
943	ports or packages.
944
94520200220:
946	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
947	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
948	ncurses.
949
95020200217:
951	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
952	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
953	together with their new kernel.
954
95520200212:
956	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
957	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
958	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
959
960	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
961	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
962
96320200108:
964	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
965	linker for riscv64.
966
96720200107:
968	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
969	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
970	external toolchain package.
971
97220200104:
973	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
974	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
975	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
976	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
977	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
978
97920200102:
980	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
981	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
982	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
983	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
984
98520191226:
986	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
987	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
988	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
989	ABI.
990
99120191226:
992	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
993
99420191222:
995	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
996	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
997	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
998	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
999
100020191212:
1001	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1002	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1003	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1004
100520191205:
1006	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1007	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1008	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1009	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1010	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1011	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1012	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1013	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1014
101520191120:
1016	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1017	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1018	for automounting.
1019
102020191107:
1021	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1022	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1023	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1024	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1025	add superio to the set.
1026
102720191021:
1028	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1029	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1030
103120191021:
1032	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1033	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1034	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1035	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1036	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1037	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1038	completely in the future.
1039
104020191009:
1041	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1042	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1043	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1044	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1045	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1046	will be removed from the list.
1047
104820191009:
1049	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1050	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1051	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1052	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1053
105420191003:
1055	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1056	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1057	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1058	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1059
106020190913:
1061	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1062	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1063	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1064	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1065
106620190823:
1067	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1068	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1069	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1070
107120190727:
1072	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1073	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1074	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1075	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1076
1077	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1078	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1079	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1080	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1081	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1082
108320190713:
1084	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1085	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1086	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1087	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1088	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1089	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1090	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1091
109220190620:
1093	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1094	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1095	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1096	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1097
109820190612:
1099	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1100	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1101	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1102	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1103
110420190608:
1105	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1106	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1107	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1108
110920190513:
1110	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1111	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1112	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1113	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1114	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1115	avoid running into the limit.
1116
111720190507:
1118	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1119	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1120
112120190507:
1122	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1123	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1124	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1125	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1126	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1127	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1128
112920190418:
1130	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1131	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1132	entropy:
1133
1134	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1135	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1136	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1137	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1138	availability properties.
1139
1140	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1141	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1142	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1143	initial condition, if desired.
1144
1145	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1146	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1147
1148	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1149	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1150	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1151	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1152
115320190416:
1154	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1155	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1156	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1157	therefore unblocked).
1158
115920190404:
1160	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1161	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1162	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1163	is added to the command line.
1164	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1165	not affected and should continue to work.
1166
116720190320:
1168	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1169	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1170	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1171	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1172
117320190304:
1174	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1175	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1176	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1177	or higher.
1178
117920190226:
1180	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1181	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1182	kernel config.
1183
118420190219:
1185	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1186	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1187	migrating to the drm ports.
1188
118920190131:
1190	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1191	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1192	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1193	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1194	is loaded automatically.
1195
119620190125:
1197	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1198	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1199	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1200	kernel config files.
1201
120220181230:
1203	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1204	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1205	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1206	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1207
120820181220:
1209	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1210	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1211	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1212	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1213	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1214	most NFSv4 mounts.
1215
121620181219:
1217	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1218	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1219	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1220
1221	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1222	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1223
1224	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1225	removed from the mips port.
1226
122720181211:
1228	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1229	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1230	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1231	or higher.
1232
123320181211:
1234	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1235	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1236
123720181126:
1238	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1239	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1240	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1241	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1242
124320181123:
1244	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1245	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1246	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1247
124820181115:
1249	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1250	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1251	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1252	FreeBSD versions.
1253
125420181110:
1255	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1256	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1257	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1258
1259	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1260	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1261	being included using the command:
1262		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1263
126420181019:
1265	Stable/12 was branched created.
1266
126720181015:
1268	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1269	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1270	drm-legacy-kmod.
1271
1272	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1273	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1274	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1275	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1276	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1277	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1278	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1279	that as you will get better support.
1280
1281	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1282	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1283	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1284	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1285
1286	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1287	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1288	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1289	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1290	shortly.
1291
129220181012:
1293	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1294	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1295	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1296	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1297	be adjusted as necessary.
1298
129920181009:
1300	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1301	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1302	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1303	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1304
130520181006:
1306	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1307	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1308	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1309	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1310	encouraged.
1311
131220181002:
1313	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1314	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1315	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1316	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1317	nda device name.
1318
131920180913:
1320	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1321	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1322	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1323	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1324	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1325	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1326
132720180826:
1328	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1329	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1330	default since FreeBSD-11.
1331
133220180822:
1333	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1334	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1335	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1336
133720180818:
1338	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1339	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1340	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1341	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1342	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1343	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1344	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1345
1346	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1347	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1348
134920180815:
1350	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1351	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1352	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1353	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1354	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1355	may not be observed in a future release.
1356
135720180808:
1358	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1359	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1360	your environment.
1361
136220180731:
1363	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1364	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1365	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1366	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1367
136820180730:
1369	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1370	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1371	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1372	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1373	runtime services.
1374
137520180727:
1376	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1377	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1378	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1379
138020180723:
1381	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1382	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1383	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1384	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1385	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1386
138720180720:
1388	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1389	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1390	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1391	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1392	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1393	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1394
139520180719:
1396	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1397	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1398	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1399	boot_serial=YES
1400	boot_multicons=YES
1401	in /boot/loader.conf
1402	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1403	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1404	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1405
140620180719:
1407	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1408	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1409	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1410	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1411	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1412	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1413	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1414	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1415	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1416	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1417	by the ntpd user.
1418
141920180717:
1420	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1421
142220180711:
1423	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1424	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1425	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1426	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1427	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1428
142920180705:
1430	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1431	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1432	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1433	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1434	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1435	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1436
143720180702:
1438	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1439	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1440
144120180701:
1442	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1443	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1444	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1445	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1446	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1447	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1448	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1449
145020180630:
1451	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1452	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1453	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1454	or higher.
1455
145620180628:
1457	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1458	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1459	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1460	file.
1461
146220180612:
1463	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1464	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1465
146620180530:
1467	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1468	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1469	longer necessary.
1470
147120180530:
1472	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1473	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1474	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1475	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1476
147720180523:
1478	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1479	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1480	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1481	later than r334108.
1482
148320180517:
1484	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1485	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1486	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1487	it must be removed.
1488
148920180510:
1490	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1491	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1492	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1493	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1494	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1495	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1496	will go away.
1497
1498	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1499	workaround is necessary.
1500
150120180508:
1502	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1503	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1504	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1505	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1506
150720180504:
1508	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1509	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1510	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1511	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1512	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1513
151420180502:
1515	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1516	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1517	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1518	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1519
152020180501:
1521	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1522	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1523	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1524	be removed.
1525
152620180413:
1527	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1528	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1529	removed.
1530
153120180411:
1532	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1533	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1534	removed.
1535
153620180406:
1537	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1538	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1539	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1540	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1541	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1542
1543	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1544	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1545	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1546	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1547	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1548	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1549	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1550
1551	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1552	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1553
1554		source src {
1555			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1556		}
1557
1558	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1559	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1560	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1561
1562		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1563
1564	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1565	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1566	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1567	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1568	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1569	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1570	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1571
1572	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1573	change.
1574
157520180328:
1576	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1577	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1578	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1579
158020180323:
1581	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1582	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1583	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1584	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1585	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1586	should be as simple as:
1587
1588		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1589		$ make depend all install
1590
159120180212:
1592	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1593	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1594	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1595	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1596	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1597	provisions for backup boot methods.
1598
159920180211:
1600	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1601	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1602	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1603	imp@freebsd.org.
1604
160520180114:
1606	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1607	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1608	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1609	or higher.
1610
161120180110:
1612	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1613	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1614	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1615
1616	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1617	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1618
161920180110:
1620	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1621	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1622	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1623	remove it from kernel config files.
1624
162520180104:
1626	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1627	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1628	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1629
1630	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1631	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1632
163320180102:
1634	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1635	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1636	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1637	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1638
163920171215:
1640	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1641	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1642
164320171214:
1644	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1645	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1646	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1647	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1648
164920171125:
1650	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1651	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1652	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1653	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1654	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1655	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1656
165720171110:
1658	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1659	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1660	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1661
166220171106:
1663	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1664	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1665	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1666	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1667	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1668
166920171102:
1670	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1671	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1672	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1673	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1674	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1675	environment.
1676
167720171101:
1678	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1679	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1680	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1681	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1682	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1683	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1684	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1685	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1686	than hardcoding paths.
1687
168820171028:
1689	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1690	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1691	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1692
169320171021:
1694	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1695	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1696	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1697	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1698
169920171010:
1700	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1701	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1702
170320171005:
1704	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1705	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1706	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1707	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1708
170920171003:
1710	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1711	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1712	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1713	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1714	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1715
171620170912:
1717	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1718	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1719	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1720	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1721	/etc/ctl.conf .
1722
172320170912:
1724	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1725	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1726	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1727	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1728	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1729
173020170826:
1731	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1732	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1733
173420170825:
1735	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1736	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1737	to complete.
1738
173920170814:
1740	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1741	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1742	${TESTSDIR}.
1743
1744	Behavioral changes:
1745	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1746	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1747	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1748	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1749
1750	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1751	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1752	sandbox if successful.
1753
1754	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1755	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1756	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1757	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1758	an unprivileged user.
1759
176020170808:
1761	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1762	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1763	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1764	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1765	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1766	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1767	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1768	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1769	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1770	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1771	to which you should answer yes.
1772
177320170728:
1774	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1775	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1776	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1777	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1778	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1779
178020170722:
1781	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1782	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1783	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1784
178520170701:
1786	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1787	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1788
178920170625:
1790	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1791	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1792	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1793	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1794	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1795	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1796	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1797
179820170623:
1799	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1800	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1801	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1802	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1803	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1804	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1805
180620170620:
1807	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1808	if you require the GPL compiler.
1809
181020170619:
1811	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1812	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1813	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1814	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1815	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1816	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1817
181820170618:
1819	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1820	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1821	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1822
182320170617:
1824	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1825	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1826	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1827	followed.
1828
182920170531:
1830	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1831	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1832	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1833	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1834	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1835	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1836
183720170524:
1838	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1839	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1840	which only require one chipset support.
1841
1842	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1843
1844	if_ath_load="YES"
1845
1846	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1847	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1848	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1849
1850	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1851	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1852
1853	* load ath_hal
1854	* load the chip modules in question
1855	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1856	* load ath_main
1857	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1858	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1859
1860	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1861
186220170523:
1863	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1864	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1865	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1866
1867	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1868	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1869	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1870
1871	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1872	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1873	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1874	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1875	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1876	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1877	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1878	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1879
188020170424:
1881	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1882	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1883	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1884
188520170420:
1886	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1887	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1888	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1889
189020170413:
1891	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1892	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1893	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1894	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1895	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1896	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1897	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1898
189920170407:
1900	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1901	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1902	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1903	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1904
190520170405:
1906	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1907	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1908	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1909
191020170331:
1911	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1912	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1913	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1914
191520170329:
1916	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1917	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1918
1919	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1920	via one of the following methods:
1921	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1922	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1923	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1924	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1925
1926	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1927
192820170316:
1929	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1930	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1931	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1932	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1933	with mmc.ko).
1934
193520170315:
1936	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1937	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1938	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1939	be prefixed with colon.
1940
194120170311:
1942	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1943	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1944	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1945
194620170302:
1947	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1948	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1949	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1950
195120170221:
1952	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1953	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1954	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1955	change.
1956
195720170216:
1958	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1959	valid.
1960
196120170215:
1962	MCA bus support has been removed.
1963
196420170127:
1965	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1966	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1967
196820170112:
1969	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1970	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1971
197220170109:
1973	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1974	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1975	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1976	configuration.
1977
197820161217:
1979	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1980	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1981	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1982
198320161124:
1984	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1985	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1986	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1987
198820161119:
1989	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1990	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1991	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1992
199320161030:
1994	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1995	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1996	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1997	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1998
199920161017:
2000	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2001	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2002	parts.
2003	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2004	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2005
200620161015:
2007	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2008	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2009	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2010	removed from base.
2011
201220161008:
2013	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2014	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2015	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2016
201720161003:
2018	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2019	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2020
202120160924:
2022	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2023	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2024	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2025	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2026
202720160918:
2028	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2029	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2030	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2031	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2032	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2033
203420160918:
2035	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2036
203720160908:
2038	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2039	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2040	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2041	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2042
204320160824:
2044	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2045	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2046	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2047	to 1200005.
2048
204920160818:
2050	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2051	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2052	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2053	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2054	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2055	0.
2056
205720160818:
2058	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2059	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2060
206120160708:
2062	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2063
2064After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2065from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2066entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2067UPDATING file.
2068
2069COMMON ITEMS:
2070
2071	General Notes
2072	-------------
2073	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2074	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2075	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2076	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2077	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2078	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2079	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2080	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2081
2082	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2083	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2084	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2085	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2086	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2087	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2088	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2089	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2090	an exception.
2091
2092	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2093	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2094	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2095	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2096	step.
2097
2098	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2099	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2100	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2101	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2102
2103	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2104	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2105	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2106	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2107	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2108	should write them with this in mind.
2109
2110	ZFS notes
2111	---------
2112	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2113	always follow these three steps:
2114
2115	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2116	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2117
2118	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2119	doing a zpool upgrade):
2120
2121	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2122	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2123		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2124	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2125
2126	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2127	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2128	zpool upgrade.
2129
2130	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2131
2132	EFI notes
2133	---------
2134
2135	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2136	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2137	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2138	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2139	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2140	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2141	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2142	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2143
2144	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2145	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2146	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2147	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2148
2149	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2150	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2151	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2152	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2153
2154	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2155
2156	To build a kernel
2157	-----------------
2158	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2159	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2160	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2161
2162	make kernel-toolchain
2163	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2164	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2165
2166	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2167
2168	To test a kernel once
2169	---------------------
2170	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2171	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2172	debugging information) run
2173	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2174	nextboot -k testkernel
2175
2176	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2177	-----------------------------------------------------------
2178	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2179	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2180
2181	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2182	make buildworld
2183	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2184	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2185	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2186	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2187	etcupdate -p					[5]
2188	make installworld
2189	etcupdate -B					[4]
2190	make delete-old					[6]
2191	<reboot>
2192
2193	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2194	--------------------------------------------------
2195	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2196	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2197	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2198	# size.
2199
2200	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2201	<boot into -stable>
2202	make buildworld
2203	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2204	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2205	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2206	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2207	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2208	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2209	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2210	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2211	<reboot into current>
2212	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2213	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2214	<reboot>
2215
2216
2217	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2218	----------------------------------------------
2219	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2220	make buildworld					[9]
2221	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2222	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2223	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2224	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2225	etcupdate -p					[5]
2226	make installworld
2227	etcupdate -B					[4]
2228	make delete-old					[6]
2229	<reboot>
2230
2231	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2232	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2233	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2234	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2235	the UPDATING entries.
2236
2237	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2238	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2239	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2240	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2241	much fewer pitfalls.
2242
2243FOOTNOTES:
2244
2245	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2246	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2247	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2248	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2249	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2250	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2251	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2252	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2253	and effective, eg:
2254	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2255
2256	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2257	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2258	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2259	restore(8).
2260
2261	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2262		fsck -p
2263		mount -u /
2264		mount -a
2265		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2266		cd src			# full path to source
2267		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2268	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2269	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2270
2271	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2272	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2273	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2274	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2275	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2276	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2277
2278	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2279	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2280	step.
2281
2282	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2283	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2284	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2285
2286	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2287	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2288	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2289	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2290	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2291	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2292	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2293	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2294
2295	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2296	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2297	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2298	for these as well.
2299
2300	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2301	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2302	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2303
2304	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2305	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2306	warn if it is improperly defined.
2307FORMAT:
2308
2309This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2310breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2311list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2312If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2313to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2314
2315Copyright information:
2316
2317Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2318
2319Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2320modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2321document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2322
2323THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2324IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2325WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2326DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2327INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2328(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2329SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2330HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2331STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2332IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2333POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2334
2335Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2336this document.
2337