1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230803: 31 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 32 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 33 3420230724: 35 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 36 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 37 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 38 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 39 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 40 4120230629: 42 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 43 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 44 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 45 file a PR and assign it to imp. 46 4720230623: 48 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 49 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 50 after upgrading. 51 5220230619: 53 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 54 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 55 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 56 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 57 58 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 59 service pf restart 60 61 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 62 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 63 6420230613: 65 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 66 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 67 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 68 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 69 already properly quoted or escaped. 70 7120230612: 72 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 73 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 74 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 75 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 76 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 77 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 78 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 79 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 80 81 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 82 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 83 8420230422: 85 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 86 using git instead. 87 8820230420: 89 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 90 eg. 91 make buildworld-jobs 92 runs 93 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 94 95 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 96 9720230316: 98 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 99 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 100 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 101 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 102 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 103 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 104 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 105 exist anymore. 106 10720230221: 108 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 109 for details. 110 11120230206: 112 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 113 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 114 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 115 11620230204: 117 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 118 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 119 12020230130: 121 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 122 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 123 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 124 12520230126: 126 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 127 system are now built unconditionally. 128 12920230113: 130 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 131 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 132 13320221212: 134 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 135 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 136 137 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 138 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 139 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 140 14120221205: 142 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 143 to reenable sendmail(8): 144 145 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 146 147 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 148 14920221204: 150 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 151 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 152 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 153 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 154 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 155 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 156 157 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 158 15920221122: 160 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 161 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 162 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 163 16420221121: 165 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 166 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 167 16820221026: 169 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 170 for pkgbase users to do: 171 172 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 173 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 174 175 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 176 installed. 177 17820220610: 179 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 180 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 181 18220211230: 183 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 184 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 185 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 186 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 187 reflect this change. 188 18920211214: 190 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 191 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 192 19320211209: 194 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 195 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 196 the coming days and weeks. 197 198 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 199 or touch 200 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 201 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 202 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 203 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 204 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 205 20620211202: 207 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 208 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 209 statement in unbound.conf: 210 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 211 212 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 213 214 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 215 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 216 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 217 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 218 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 219 such names when roaming to different homenets. 220 22120211110: 222 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 223 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 224 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 225 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 226 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 227 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 228 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 229 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 230 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 231 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 232 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 233 23420211118: 235 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 236 tree shortly. 237 23820211106: 239 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 240 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 241 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 242 may need to be modified. 243 24420211022: 245 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 246 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 247 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 248 24920211020: 250 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 251 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 252 253 # chsh -s csh 254 25520211004: 256 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 257 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 258 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 259 this change. 260 26120210923: 262 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 263 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 264 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 265 list of modules to load on their systems. 266 26720210922: 268 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 269 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 270 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 271 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 272 27320210911: 274 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 275 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 276 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 277 being loaded. 278 27920210817: 280 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 281 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 282 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 283 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 284 application-specific configuration option for applications 285 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 286 28720210811: 288 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 289 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 290 29120210730: 292 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 293 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 294 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 295 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 296 29720210729: 298 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 299 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 300 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 301 30220210716: 303 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 304 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 305 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 306 30720210715: 308 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 309 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 310 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 311 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 312 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 313 to update your sources past the above hash and do 314 % cd usr.bin/awk 315 % make clean all 316 % sudo -E make install 317 to enable building kernels again. 318 31920210708: 320 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 321 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 322 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 323 32420210707: 325 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 326 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 327 32820210624: 329 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 330 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 331 for NFSv4 mounts. 332 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 333 33420210618: 335 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 336 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 337 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 338 additions and others. 339 34020210618: 341 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 342 renamed to "untrusted". 343 34420210611: 345 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 346 please install the svn package or port. 347 34820210611: 349 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 350 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 351 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 352 35320210610: 354 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 355 35620210608: 357 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 358 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 359https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 360 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 361 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 362 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 363 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 364 36520210525: 366 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 367 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 368 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 369 detect this. 370 37120210513: 372 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 373 libraries and utilities are packaged. 374 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 375 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 376 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 377 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 378 on the system. 379 38020210426: 381 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 382 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 383 need to be rebuilt from sources. 384 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 385 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 386 is not recommended. 387 38820210411: 389 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 390 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 391 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 392 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 393 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 394 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 395 39620210330: 397 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 398 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 399 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 400 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 401 40220210225: 403 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 404 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 405 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 406 40720210128: 408 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 409 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 410 update. 411 41220210108: 413 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 414 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 415 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 416 since it was bumped so recently. 417 41820210107: 419 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 420 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 421 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 422 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 423 42420210105: 425 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 426 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 427 requires a clean build. 428 42920201223: 430 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 431 instructions can be found at 432 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 433 and other documents in that repo. 434 43520201216: 436 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 437 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 438 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 439 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 440 44120201215: 442 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 443 may be installed from ports or packages. 444 44520201124: 446 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 447 See ping(8) for details. 448 44920201108: 450 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 451 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 452 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 453 45420201030: 455 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 456 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 457 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 458 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 459 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 460 46120201026: 462 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 463 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 464 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 465 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 466 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 467 find. 468 46920200923: 470 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 471 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 472 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 473 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 474 475 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 476 command you want to un-auger the tree is 477 cd sys/amd64/conf 478 svn revert -R . 479 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 480 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 481 48220200824: 483 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 484 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 485 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 486 unless you want to use new features. 487 488 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 489 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 490 rebuilding world may fail. 491 492 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 493 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 494 495 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 496 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 497 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 498 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 499 50020200824: 501 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 502 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 503 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 504 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 505 50620200821: 507 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 508 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 509 sources. 510 51120200817: 512 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 513 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 514 51520200816: 516 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 517 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 518 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 519 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 520 52120200810: 522 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 523 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 524 from sources, so a version bump was done. 525 52620200807: 527 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 528 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 529 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 530 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 531 53220200729: 533 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 534 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 535 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 536 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 537 continue to function. 538 539 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 540 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 541 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 542 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 543 54420200627: 545 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 546 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 547 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 548 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 549 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 550 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 551 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 552 55320200625: 554 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 555 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 556 55720200613: 558 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 559 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 560 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 561 56220200604: 563 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 564 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 565 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 566 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 567 568 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 569 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 570 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 571 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 572 /root/.shrc. 573 57420200523: 575 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 576 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 577 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 578 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 579 58020200512: 581 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 582 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 583 58420200424: 585 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 586 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 587 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 588 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 589 be functional without closefrom(2). 590 59120200414: 592 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 593 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 594 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 595 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 596 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 597 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 598 59920200310: 600 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 601 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 602 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 603 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 604 60520200309: 606 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 607 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 608 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 609 61020200301: 611 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 612 61320200229: 614 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 615 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 616 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 617 61820200229: 619 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 620 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 621 62220200229: 623 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 624 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 625 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 626 ports or packages. 627 62820200220: 629 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 630 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 631 ncurses. 632 63320200217: 634 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 635 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 636 together with their new kernel. 637 63820200212: 639 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 640 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 641 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 642 643 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 644 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 645 64620200108: 647 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 648 linker for riscv64. 649 65020200107: 651 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 652 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 653 external toolchain package. 654 65520200104: 656 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 657 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 658 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 659 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 660 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 661 66220200102: 663 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 664 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 665 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 666 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 667 66820191226: 669 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 670 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 671 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 672 ABI. 673 67420191226: 675 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 676 67720191222: 678 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 679 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 680 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 681 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 682 68320191212: 684 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 685 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 686 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 687 68820191205: 689 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 690 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 691 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 692 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 693 differences between those included in the port and those included in 694 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 695 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 696 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 697 69820191120: 699 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 700 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 701 for automounting. 702 70320191107: 704 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 705 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 706 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 707 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 708 add superio to the set. 709 71020191021: 711 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 712 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 713 71420191021: 715 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 716 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 717 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 718 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 719 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 720 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 721 completely in the future. 722 72320191009: 724 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 725 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 726 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 727 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 728 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 729 will be removed from the list. 730 73120191009: 732 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 733 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 734 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 735 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 736 73720191003: 738 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 739 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 740 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 741 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 742 74320190913: 744 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 745 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 746 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 747 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 748 74920190823: 750 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 751 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 752 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 753 75420190727: 755 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 756 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 757 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 758 your scripts, because they had no effect. 759 760 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 761 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 762 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 763 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 764 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 765 76620190713: 767 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 768 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 769 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 770 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 771 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 772 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 773 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 774 77520190620: 776 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 777 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 778 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 779 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 780 78120190612: 782 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 783 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 784 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 785 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 786 78720190608: 788 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 789 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 790 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 791 79220190513: 793 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 794 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 795 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 796 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 797 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 798 avoid running into the limit. 799 80020190507: 801 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 802 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 803 80420190507: 805 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 806 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 807 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 808 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 809 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 810 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 811 81220190418: 813 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 814 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 815 entropy: 816 817 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 818 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 819 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 820 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 821 availability properties. 822 823 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 824 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 825 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 826 initial condition, if desired. 827 828 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 829 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 830 831 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 832 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 833 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 834 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 835 83620190416: 837 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 838 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 839 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 840 therefore unblocked). 841 84220190404: 843 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 844 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 845 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 846 is added to the command line. 847 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 848 not affected and should continue to work. 849 85020190320: 851 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 852 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 853 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 854 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 855 85620190304: 857 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 858 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 859 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 860 or higher. 861 86220190226: 863 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 864 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 865 kernel config. 866 86720190219: 868 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 869 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 870 migrating to the drm ports. 871 87220190131: 873 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 874 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 875 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 876 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 877 is loaded automatically. 878 87920190125: 880 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 881 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 882 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 883 kernel config files. 884 88520181230: 886 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 887 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 888 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 889 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 890 89120181220: 892 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 893 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 894 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 895 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 896 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 897 most NFSv4 mounts. 898 89920181219: 900 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 901 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 902 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 903 904 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 905 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 906 907 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 908 removed from the mips port. 909 91020181211: 911 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 912 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 913 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 914 or higher. 915 91620181211: 917 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 918 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 919 92020181126: 921 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 922 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 923 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 924 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 925 92620181123: 927 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 928 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 929 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 930 93120181115: 932 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 933 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 934 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 935 FreeBSD versions. 936 93720181110: 938 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 939 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 940 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 941 942 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 943 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 944 being included using the command: 945 $ newsyslog -Nrv 946 94720181015: 948 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 949 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 950 drm-legacy-kmod. 951 952 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 953 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 954 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 955 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 956 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 957 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 958 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 959 that as you will get better support. 960 961 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 962 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 963 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 964 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 965 966 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 967 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 968 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 969 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 970 shortly. 971 97220181012: 973 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 974 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 975 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 976 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 977 be adjusted as necessary. 978 97920181009: 980 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 981 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 982 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 983 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 984 98520181006: 986 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 987 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 988 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 989 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 990 encouraged. 991 99220181002: 993 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 994 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 995 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 996 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 997 nda device name. 998 99920180913: 1000 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1001 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1002 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1003 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1004 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1005 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1006 100720180826: 1008 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1009 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1010 default since FreeBSD-11. 1011 101220180822: 1013 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1014 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1015 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1016 101720180818: 1018 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1019 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1020 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1021 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1022 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1023 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1024 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1025 1026 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1027 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1028 102920180815: 1030 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1031 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1032 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1033 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1034 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1035 may not be observed in a future release. 1036 103720180808: 1038 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1039 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1040 your environment. 1041 104220180731: 1043 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1044 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1045 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1046 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1047 104820180730: 1049 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1050 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1051 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1052 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1053 runtime services. 1054 105520180727: 1056 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1057 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1058 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1059 106020180723: 1061 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1062 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1063 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1064 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1065 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1066 106720180720: 1068 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1069 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1070 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1071 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1072 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1073 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1074 107520180719: 1076 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1077 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1078 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1079 boot_serial=YES 1080 boot_multicons=YES 1081 in /boot/loader.conf 1082 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1083 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1084 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1085 108620180719: 1087 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1088 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1089 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1090 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1091 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1092 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1093 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1094 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1095 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1096 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1097 by the ntpd user. 1098 109920180717: 1100 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1101 110220180711: 1103 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1104 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1105 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1106 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1107 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1108 110920180705: 1110 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1111 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1112 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1113 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1114 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1115 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1116 111720180702: 1118 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1119 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1120 112120180701: 1122 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1123 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1124 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1125 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1126 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1127 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1128 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1129 113020180630: 1131 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1132 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1133 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1134 or higher. 1135 113620180628: 1137 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1138 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1139 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1140 file. 1141 114220180612: 1143 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1144 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1145 114620180530: 1147 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1148 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1149 longer necessary. 1150 115120180530: 1152 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1153 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1154 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1155 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1156 115720180523: 1158 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1159 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1160 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1161 later than r334108. 1162 116320180517: 1164 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1165 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1166 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1167 it must be removed. 1168 116920180510: 1170 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1171 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1172 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1173 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1174 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1175 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1176 will go away. 1177 1178 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1179 workaround is necessary. 1180 118120180508: 1182 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1183 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1184 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1185 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1186 118720180504: 1188 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1189 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1190 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1191 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1192 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1193 119420180502: 1195 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1196 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1197 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1198 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1199 120020180501: 1201 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1202 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1203 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1204 be removed. 1205 120620180413: 1207 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1208 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1209 removed. 1210 121120180411: 1212 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1213 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1214 removed. 1215 121620180406: 1217 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1218 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1219 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1220 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1221 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1222 1223 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1224 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1225 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1226 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1227 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1228 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1229 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1230 1231 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1232 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1233 1234 source src { 1235 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1236 } 1237 1238 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1239 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1240 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1241 1242 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1243 1244 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1245 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1246 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1247 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1248 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1249 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1250 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1251 1252 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1253 change. 1254 125520180328: 1256 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1257 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1258 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1259 126020180323: 1261 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1262 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1263 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1264 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1265 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1266 should be as simple as: 1267 1268 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1269 $ make depend all install 1270 127120180212: 1272 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1273 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1274 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1275 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1276 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1277 provisions for backup boot methods. 1278 127920180211: 1280 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1281 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1282 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1283 imp@freebsd.org. 1284 128520180114: 1286 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1287 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1288 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1289 or higher. 1290 129120180110: 1292 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1293 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1294 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1295 1296 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1297 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1298 129920180110: 1300 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1301 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1302 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1303 remove it from kernel config files. 1304 130520180104: 1306 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1307 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1308 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1309 1310 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1311 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1312 131320180102: 1314 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1315 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1316 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1317 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1318 131920171215: 1320 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1321 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1322 132320171214: 1324 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1325 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1326 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1327 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1328 132920171125: 1330 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1331 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1332 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1333 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1334 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1335 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1336 133720171110: 1338 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1339 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1340 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1341 134220171106: 1343 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1344 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1345 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1346 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1347 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1348 134920171102: 1350 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1351 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1352 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1353 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1354 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1355 environment. 1356 135720171101: 1358 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1359 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1360 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1361 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1362 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1363 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1364 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1365 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1366 than hardcoding paths. 1367 136820171028: 1369 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1370 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1371 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1372 137320171021: 1374 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1375 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1376 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1377 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1378 137920171010: 1380 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1381 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1382 138320171005: 1384 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1385 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1386 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1387 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1388 138920171003: 1390 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1391 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1392 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1393 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1394 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1395 139620170912: 1397 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1398 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1399 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1400 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1401 /etc/ctl.conf . 1402 140320170912: 1404 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1405 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1406 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1407 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1408 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1409 141020170826: 1411 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1412 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1413 141420170825: 1415 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1416 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1417 to complete. 1418 141920170814: 1420 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1421 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1422 ${TESTSDIR}. 1423 1424 Behavioral changes: 1425 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1426 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1427 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1428 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1429 1430 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1431 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1432 sandbox if successful. 1433 1434 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1435 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1436 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1437 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1438 an unprivileged user. 1439 144020170808: 1441 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1442 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1443 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1444 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1445 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1446 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1447 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1448 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1449 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1450 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1451 to which you should answer yes. 1452 145320170728: 1454 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1455 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1456 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1457 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1458 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1459 146020170722: 1461 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1462 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1463 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1464 146520170701: 1466 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1467 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1468 146920170625: 1470 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1471 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1472 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1473 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1474 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1475 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1476 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1477 147820170623: 1479 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1480 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1481 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1482 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1483 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1484 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1485 148620170620: 1487 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1488 if you require the GPL compiler. 1489 149020170618: 1491 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1492 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1493 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1494 149520170617: 1496 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1497 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1498 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1499 followed. 1500 150120170531: 1502 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1503 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1504 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1505 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1506 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1507 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1508 150920170524: 1510 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1511 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1512 which only require one chipset support. 1513 1514 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1515 1516 if_ath_load="YES" 1517 1518 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1519 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1520 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1521 1522 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1523 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1524 1525 * load ath_hal 1526 * load the chip modules in question 1527 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1528 * load ath_main 1529 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1530 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1531 1532 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1533 153420170523: 1535 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1536 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1537 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1538 1539 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1540 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1541 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1542 1543 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1544 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1545 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1546 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1547 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1548 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1549 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1550 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1551 155220170424: 1553 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1554 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1555 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1556 155720170420: 1558 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1559 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1560 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1561 156220170413: 1563 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1564 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1565 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1566 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1567 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1568 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1569 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1570 157120170407: 1572 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1573 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1574 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1575 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1576 157720170405: 1578 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1579 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1580 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1581 158220170331: 1583 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1584 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1585 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1586 158720170329: 1588 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1589 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1590 1591 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1592 via one of the following methods: 1593 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1594 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1595 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1596 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1597 1598 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1599 160020170316: 1601 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1602 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1603 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1604 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1605 with mmc.ko). 1606 160720170315: 1608 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1609 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1610 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1611 be prefixed with colon. 1612 161320170311: 1614 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1615 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1616 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1617 161820170302: 1619 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1620 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1621 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1622 162320170221: 1624 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1625 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1626 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1627 change. 1628 162920170216: 1630 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1631 valid. 1632 163320170215: 1634 MCA bus support has been removed. 1635 163620170127: 1637 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1638 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1639 164020170112: 1641 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1642 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1643 164420170109: 1645 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1646 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1647 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1648 configuration. 1649 165020161217: 1651 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1652 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1653 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1654 165520161124: 1656 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1657 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1658 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1659 166020161119: 1661 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1662 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1663 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1664 166520161030: 1666 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1667 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1668 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1669 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1670 167120161017: 1672 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1673 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1674 parts. 1675 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1676 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1677 167820161015: 1679 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1680 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1681 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1682 removed from base. 1683 168420161008: 1685 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1686 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1687 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1688 168920161003: 1690 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1691 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1692 169320160924: 1694 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1695 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1696 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1697 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1698 169920160918: 1700 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1701 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1702 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1703 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1704 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1705 170620160918: 1707 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1708 170920160908: 1710 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1711 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1712 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1713 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1714 171520160824: 1716 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1717 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1718 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1719 to 1200005. 1720 172120160818: 1722 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1723 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1724 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1725 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1726 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1727 0. 1728 172920160818: 1730 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1731 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1732 173320160708: 1734 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1735 1736After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1737from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1738entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1739UPDATING file. 1740 1741COMMON ITEMS: 1742 1743 General Notes 1744 ------------- 1745 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1746 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1747 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1748 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1749 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1750 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1751 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1752 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1753 1754 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1755 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1756 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1757 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1758 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1759 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1760 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1761 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1762 an exception. 1763 1764 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1765 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1766 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1767 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1768 step. 1769 1770 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1771 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1772 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1773 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1774 1775 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1776 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1777 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1778 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1779 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1780 should write them with this in mind. 1781 1782 ZFS notes 1783 --------- 1784 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1785 always follow these three steps: 1786 1787 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1788 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1789 1790 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1791 doing a zpool upgrade): 1792 1793 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1794 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1795 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1796 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1797 1798 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1799 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1800 zpool upgrade. 1801 1802 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1803 1804 EFI notes 1805 --------- 1806 1807 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1808 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1809 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1810 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1811 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1812 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1813 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1814 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1815 1816 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1817 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1818 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1819 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1820 1821 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1822 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1823 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1824 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1825 1826 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1827 1828 To build a kernel 1829 ----------------- 1830 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1831 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1832 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1833 1834 make kernel-toolchain 1835 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1836 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1837 1838 To test a kernel once 1839 --------------------- 1840 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1841 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1842 debugging information) run 1843 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1844 nextboot -k testkernel 1845 1846 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1847 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1848 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1849 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1850 1851 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1852 make buildworld 1853 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1854 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1855 [1] 1856 <reboot in single user> [3] 1857 etcupdate -p [5] 1858 make installworld 1859 etcupdate -B [4] 1860 make delete-old [6] 1861 <reboot> 1862 1863 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1864 -------------------------------------------------- 1865 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1866 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1867 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1868 # size. 1869 1870 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1871 <boot into -stable> 1872 make buildworld 1873 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1874 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1875 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1876 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1877 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1878 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1879 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1880 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1881 <reboot into current> 1882 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1883 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1884 <reboot> 1885 1886 1887 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1888 ---------------------------------------------- 1889 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1890 make buildworld [9] 1891 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1892 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1893 [1] 1894 <reboot in single user> [3] 1895 etcupdate -p [5] 1896 make installworld 1897 etcupdate -B [4] 1898 make delete-old [6] 1899 <reboot> 1900 1901 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1902 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1903 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1904 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1905 the UPDATING entries. 1906 1907 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1908 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1909 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1910 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1911 much fewer pitfalls. 1912 1913 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1914 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1915 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1916 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1917 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1918 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1919 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1920 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1921 and effective, eg: 1922 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1923 1924 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1925 fsck -p 1926 mount -u / 1927 mount -a 1928 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1929 cd src # full path to source 1930 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1931 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1932 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1933 1934 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1935 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1936 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1937 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1938 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1939 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1940 1941 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1942 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1943 step. 1944 1945 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1946 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1947 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1948 1949 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1950 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1951 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1952 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1953 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1954 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1955 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1956 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1957 1958 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1959 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1960 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1961 for these as well. 1962 1963 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1964 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1965 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1966 1967 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1968 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1969 warn if it is improperly defined. 1970FORMAT: 1971 1972This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1973breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1974list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1975If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1976to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1977 1978Copyright information: 1979 1980Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1981 1982Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1983modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1984document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1985 1986THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1987IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1988WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1989DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1990INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1991(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1992SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1993HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1994STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1995IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1996POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1997 1998Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1999this document. 2000 2001$FreeBSD$ 2002