xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 6c140a7281ccb127ada56f2eece4dc688e6df437)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
292020mmdd:
30	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
31	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
32	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
33	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
34
3520200220:
36	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.1-20200118). Given the ABI
37	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
38	ncurses.
39
4020200217:
41	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
42	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
43	together with their new kernel.
44
4520200212:
46	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
47	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
48	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
49
50	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
51	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
52
5320200108:
54	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
55	linker for riscv64.
56
5720200107:
58	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
59	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
60	external toolchain package.
61
6220200104:
63	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
64	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
65	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
66	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
67	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
68
6920200102:
70	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
71	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
72	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
73	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
74
7520191226:
76	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
77	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
78	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
79	ABI.
80
8120191226:
82	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
83
8420191222:
85	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
86	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
87	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
88	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
89
9020191212:
91	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
92	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
93	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
94
9520191205:
96	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
97	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
98	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
99	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
100	differences between those included in the port and those included in
101	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
102	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
103	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
104
10520191120:
106	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
107	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
108	for automounting.
109
11020191107:
111	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
112	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
113	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
114	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
115	add superio to the set.
116
11720191021:
118	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
119	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
120
12120191021:
122	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
123	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
124	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
125	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
126	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
127	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
128	completely in the future.
129
13020191009:
131	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
132	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
133	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
134	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
135	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
136	will be removed from the list.
137
13820191009:
139	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
140	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
141	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
142	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
143
14420191003:
145	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
146	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
147	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
148	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
149
15020190913:
151	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
152	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
153	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
154	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
155
15620190823:
157	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
158	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
159	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
160
16120190727:
162	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
163	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
164	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
165	your scripts, because they had no effect.
166
167	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
168	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
169	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
170	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
171	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
172
17320190713:
174	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
175	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
176	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
177	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
178	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
179	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
180	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
181
18220190620:
183	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
184	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
185	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
186	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
187
18820190612:
189	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
190	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
191	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
192	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
193
19420190608:
195	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
196	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
197	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
198
19920190513:
200	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
201	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
202	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
203	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
204	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
205	avoid running into the limit.
206
20720190507:
208	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
209	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
210
21120190507:
212	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
213	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
214	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
215	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
216	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
217	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
218
21920190418:
220	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
221	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
222	entropy:
223
224	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
225	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
226	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
227	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
228	availability properties.
229
230	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
231	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
232	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
233	initial condition, if desired.
234
235	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
236	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
237
238	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
239	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
240	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
241	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
242
24320190416:
244	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
245	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
246	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
247	therefore unblocked).
248
24920190404:
250	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
251	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
252	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
253	is added to the command line.
254	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
255	not affected and should continue to work.
256
25720190320:
258	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
259	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
260	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
261	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
262
26320190304:
264	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
265	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
266	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
267	or higher.
268
26920190226:
270	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
271	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
272	kernel config.
273
27420190219:
275	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
276	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
277	migrating to the drm ports.
278
27920190131:
280	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
281	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
282	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
283	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
284	is loaded automatically.
285
28620190125:
287	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
288	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
289	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
290	kernel config files.
291
29220181230:
293	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
294	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
295	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
296	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
297
29820181220:
299	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
300	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
301	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
302	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
303	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
304	most NFSv4 mounts.
305
30620181219:
307	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
308	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
309	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
310
311	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
312	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
313
314	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
315	removed from the mips port.
316
31720181211:
318	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
319	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
320	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
321	or higher.
322
32320181211:
324	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
325	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
326
32720181126:
328	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
329	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
330	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
331	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
332
33320181123:
334	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
335	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
336	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
337
33820181115:
339	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
340	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
341	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
342	FreeBSD versions.
343
34420181110:
345	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
346	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
347	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
348
349	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
350	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
351	being included using the command:
352		$ newsyslog -Nrv
353
35420181015:
355	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
356	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
357	drm-legacy-kmod.
358
359	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
360	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
361	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
362	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
363	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
364	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
365	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
366	that as you will get better support.
367
368	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
369	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
370	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
371	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
372
373	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
374	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
375	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
376	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
377	shortly.
378
37920181012:
380	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
381	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
382	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
383	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
384	be adjusted as necessary.
385
38620181009:
387	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
388	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
389	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
390	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
391
39220181006:
393	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
394	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
395	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
396	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
397	encouraged.
398
39920181002:
400	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
401	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
402	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
403	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
404	nda device name.
405
40620180913:
407	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
408	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
409	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
410	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
411	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
412	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
413
41420180826:
415	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
416	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
417	default since FreeBSD-11.
418
41920180822:
420	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
421	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
422	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
423
42420180818:
425	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
426	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
427	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
428	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
429	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
430	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
431	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
432
433	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
434	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
435
43620180815:
437	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
438	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
439	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
440	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
441	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
442	may not be observed in a future release.
443
44420180808:
445	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
446	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
447	your environment.
448
44920180731:
450	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
451	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
452	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
453	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
454
45520180730:
456	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
457	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
458	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
459	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
460	runtime services.
461
46220180727:
463	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
464	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
465	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
466
46720180723:
468	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
469	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
470	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
471	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
472	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
473
47420180720:
475	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
476	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
477	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
478	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
479	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
480	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
481
48220180719:
483	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
484	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
485	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
486	boot_serial=YES
487	boot_multicons=YES
488	in /boot/loader.conf
489	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
490	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
491	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
492
49320180719:
494	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
495	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
496	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
497	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
498	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
499	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
500	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
501	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
502	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
503	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
504	by the ntpd user.
505
50620180717:
507	Big endian arm support has been removed.
508
50920180711:
510	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
511	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
512	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
513	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
514	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
515
51620180705:
517	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
518	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
519	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
520	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
521	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
522	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
523
52420180702:
525	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
526	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
527
52820180701:
529	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
530	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
531	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
532	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
533	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
534	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
535	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
536
53720180630:
538	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
539	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
540	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
541	or higher.
542
54320180628:
544	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
545	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
546	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
547	file.
548
54920180612:
550	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
551	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
552
55320180530:
554	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
555	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
556	longer necessary.
557
55820180530:
559	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
560	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
561	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
562	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
563
56420180523:
565	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
566	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
567	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
568	later than r334108.
569
57020180517:
571	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
572	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
573	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
574	it must be removed.
575
57620180510:
577	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
578	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
579	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
580	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
581	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
582	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
583	will go away.
584
585	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
586	workaround is necessary.
587
58820180508:
589	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
590	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
591	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
592	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
593
59420180504:
595	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
596	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
597	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
598	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
599	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
600
60120180502:
602	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
603	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
604	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
605	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
606
60720180501:
608	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
609	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
610	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
611	be removed.
612
61320180413:
614	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
615	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
616	removed.
617
61820180411:
619	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
620	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
621	removed.
622
62320180406:
624	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
625	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
626	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
627	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
628	microseconds and time zone offsets.
629
630	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
631	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
632	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
633	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
634	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
635	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
636	adjustments, depending on the software used.
637
638	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
639	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
640
641		source src {
642			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
643		}
644
645	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
646	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
647	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
648
649		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
650
651	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
652	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
653	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
654	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
655	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
656	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
657	thus expected to continue to function as before.
658
659	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
660	change.
661
66220180328:
663	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
664	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
665	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
666
66720180323:
668	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
669	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
670	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
671	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
672	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
673	should be as simple as:
674
675		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
676		$ make depend all install
677
67820180212:
679	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
680	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
681	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
682	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
683	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
684	provisions for backup boot methods.
685
68620180211:
687	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
688	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
689	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
690	imp@freebsd.org.
691
69220180114:
693	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
694	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
695	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
696	or higher.
697
69820180110:
699	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
700	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
701	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
702
703	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
704	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
705
70620180110:
707	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
708	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
709	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
710	remove it from kernel config files.
711
71220180104:
713	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
714	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
715	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
716
717	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
718	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
719
72020180102:
721	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
722	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
723	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
724	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
725
72620171215:
727	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
728	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
729
73020171214:
731	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
732	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
733	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
734	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
735
73620171125:
737	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
738	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
739	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
740	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
741	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
742	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
743
74420171110:
745	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
746	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
747	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
748
74920171106:
750	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
751	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
752	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
753	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
754	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
755
75620171102:
757	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
758	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
759	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
760	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
761	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
762	environment.
763
76420171101:
765	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
766	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
767	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
768	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
769	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
770	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
771	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
772	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
773	than hardcoding paths.
774
77520171028:
776	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
777	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
778	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
779
78020171021:
781	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
782	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
783	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
784	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
785
78620171010:
787	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
788	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
789
79020171005:
791	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
792	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
793	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
794	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
795
79620171003:
797	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
798	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
799	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
800	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
801	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
802
80320170912:
804	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
805	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
806	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
807	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
808	/etc/ctl.conf .
809
81020170912:
811	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
812	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
813	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
814	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
815	soft-float everything else should be affected.
816
81720170826:
818	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
819	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
820
82120170825:
822	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
823	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
824	to complete.
825
82620170814:
827	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
828	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
829	${TESTSDIR}.
830
831	Behavioral changes:
832	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
833	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
834	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
835	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
836
837	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
838	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
839	sandbox if successful.
840
841	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
842	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
843	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
844	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
845	an unprivileged user.
846
84720170808:
848	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
849	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
850	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
851	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
852	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
853	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
854	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
855	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
856	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
857	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
858	to which you should answer yes.
859
86020170728:
861	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
862	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
863	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
864	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
865	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
866
86720170722:
868	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
869	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
870	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
871
87220170701:
873	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
874	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
875
87620170625:
877	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
878	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
879	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
880	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
881	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
882	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
883	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
884
88520170623:
886	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
887	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
888	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
889	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
890	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
891	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
892
89320170620:
894	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
895	if you require the GPL compiler.
896
89720170618:
898	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
899	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
900	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
901
90220170617:
903	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
904	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
905	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
906	followed.
907
90820170531:
909	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
910	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
911	from ports (and recommends to install it).
912	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
913	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
914	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
915
91620170524:
917	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
918	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
919	which only require one chipset support.
920
921	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
922
923	if_ath_load="YES"
924
925	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
926	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
927	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
928
929	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
930	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
931
932	* load ath_hal
933	* load the chip modules in question
934	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
935	* load ath_main
936	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
937	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
938
939	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
940
94120170523:
942	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
943	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
944	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
945
946	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
947	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
948	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
949
950	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
951	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
952	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
953	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
954	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
955	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
956	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
957	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
958
95920170424:
960	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
961	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
962	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
963
96420170420:
965	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
966	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
967	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
968
96920170413:
970	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
971	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
972	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
973	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
974	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
975	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
976	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
977
97820170407:
979	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
980	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
981	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
982	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
983
98420170405:
985	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
986	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
987	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
988
98920170331:
990	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
991	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
992	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
993
99420170329:
995	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
996	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
997
998	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
999	via one of the following methods:
1000	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1001	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1002	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1003	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1004
1005	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1006
100720170316:
1008	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1009	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1010	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1011	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1012	with mmc.ko).
1013
101420170315:
1015	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1016	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1017	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1018	be prefixed with colon.
1019
102020170311:
1021	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1022	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1023	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1024
102520170302:
1026	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1027	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1028	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1029
103020170221:
1031	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1032	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1033	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1034	change.
1035
103620170216:
1037	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1038	valid.
1039
104020170215:
1041	MCA bus support has been removed.
1042
104320170127:
1044	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1045	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1046
104720170112:
1048	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1049	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1050
105120170109:
1052	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1053	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1054	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1055	configuration.
1056
105720161217:
1058	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1059	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1060	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1061
106220161124:
1063	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1064	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1065	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1066
106720161119:
1068	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1069	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1070	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1071
107220161030:
1073	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1074	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1075	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1076	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1077
107820161017:
1079	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1080	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1081	parts.
1082	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1083	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1084
108520161015:
1086	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1087	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1088	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1089	removed from base.
1090
109120161008:
1092	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1093	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1094	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1095
109620161003:
1097	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1098	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1099
110020160924:
1101	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1102	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1103	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1104	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1105
110620160918:
1107	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1108	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1109	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1110	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1111	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1112
111320160918:
1114	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1115
111620160908:
1117	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1118	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1119	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1120	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1121
112220160824:
1123	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1124	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1125	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1126	to 1200005.
1127
112820160818:
1129	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1130	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1131	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1132	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1133	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1134	0.
1135
113620160818:
1137	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1138	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1139
114020160708:
1141	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1142
114320160622:
1144	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1145	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1146	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1147	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1148	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1149	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1150	kernel.
1151
115220160527:
1153	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1154	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1155	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1156	previously contained a line like
1157	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1158	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1159	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1160	generally be fine.
1161
116220160523:
1163	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1164	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1165	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1166	built with the old headers.
1167
116820160520:
1169	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1170	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1171	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1172	installing a new libc.
1173
117420160517:
1175	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1176	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1177	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1178	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1179	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1180	packages will be needed.
1181
1182	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1183	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1184	and the install steps.
1185
118620160510:
1187	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1188	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1189	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1190	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1191	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1192	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1193
119420160414:
1195	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1196	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1197	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1198	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1199	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1200
1201		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1202		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1203		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1204		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1205		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1206
1207	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1208	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1209	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1210	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1211	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1212	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1213	vendors work.
1214
1215	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1216	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1217		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1218	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1219	quirks entry to 0x3.
1220
122120160330:
1222	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1223	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1224	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1225
122620160317:
1227	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1228	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1229
123020160311:
1231	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1232	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1233	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1234	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1235	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1236	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1237	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1238	stale .depend files.
1239
124020160306:
1241	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1242	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1243	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1244	rebooting, e.g.:
1245
1246	make buildworld
1247	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1248	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1249	make -C sys/boot install
1250	<reboot in single user>
1251
1252	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1253	below.
1254
125520160305:
1256	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1257	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1258	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1259
126020160301:
1261	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1262	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1263	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1264	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1265	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1266	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1267
126820160226:
1269	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1270	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1271	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1272	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1273	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1274
127520160129:
1276	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1277	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1278	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1279	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1280	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1281
128220160119:
1283	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1284	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1285
128620160113:
1287	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1288	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1289	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1290
129120151216:
1292	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1293	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1294	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1295	other loaders.
1296
129720151211:
1298	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1299	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1300	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1301	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1302	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1303	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1304
130520151207:
1306	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1307	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1308	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1309	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1310	in src.conf(5).
1311
131220151130:
1313	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1314	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1315	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1316
131720151108:
1318	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1319	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1320	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1321
1322	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1323	collation results will be different.
1324
1325	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1326	locales before running make installworld.
1327
1328	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1329
133020151030:
1331	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1332	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1333
133420151020:
1335	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1336	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1337	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1338
133920151017:
1340	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1341	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1342	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1343	and 'make -N' will not.
1344
134520151012:
1346	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1347	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1348	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1349	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1350	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1351	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1352	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1353	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1354
135520151011:
1356	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1357	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1358	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1359	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1360
136120151006:
1362	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1363	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1364	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1365
136620150924:
1367	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1368	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1369	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1370	userland debug files.
1371
1372	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1373	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1374	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1375
1376	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1377	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1378
137920150827:
1380	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1381	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1382	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1383	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1384	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1385	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1386
138720150827:
1388	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1389	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1390	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1391
139220150817:
1393	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1394	them, the kernel must have
1395
1396	device	random
1397	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1398
1399	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1400	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1401	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1402	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1403
1404	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1405	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1406
140720150813:
1408	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1409	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1410	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1411
141220150810:
1413	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1414	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1415	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1416	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1417
1418	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1419	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1420	difference with this change.
1421
1422	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1423	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1424	remove that workaround.
1425
142620150809:
1427	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1428	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1429	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1430	with:
1431
1432	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1433
143420150806:
1435	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1436	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1437	loader.rc.local instead.
1438
143920150805:
1440	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1441	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1442	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1443
144420150728:
1445	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1446	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1447	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1448
1449	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1450	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1451
145220150706:
1453	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1454	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1455	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1456	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1457	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1458	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1459	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1460	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1461	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1462	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1463	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1464	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1465
146620150630:
1467	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1468	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1469
1470	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1471	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1472	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1473
1474	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1475	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1476
1477	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1478	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1479	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1480
1481	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1482	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1483	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1484	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1485
1486	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1487	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1488	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1489	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1490
1491	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1492	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1493	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1494	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1495	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1496	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1497	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1498	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1499	will never happen.
1500
150120150623:
1502	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1503	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1504
150520150616:
1506	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1507	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1508
150920150615:
1510	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1511	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1512	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1513	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1514	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1515
151620150614:
1517	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1518	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1519	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1520	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1521
152220150614:
1523	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1524	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1525	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1526	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1527	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1528	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1529	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1530
1531	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1532	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1533	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1534	   replace it with '2'.
1535	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1536	   a file path, create a new file with:
1537		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1538	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1539		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1540	5. Restart sendmail:
1541		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1542
1543	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1544	updated.
1545
154620150604:
1547	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1548	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1549	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1550	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1551	5.x.
1552
1553	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1554
155520150525:
1556	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1557	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1558	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1559
156020150521:
1561	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1562	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1563	and Pandaboard:
1564
1565	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1566	  same but content is different now
1567	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1568	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1569	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1570	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1571	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1572
157320150501:
1574	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1575	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1576	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1577
157820150423:
1579	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1580	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1581
158220150415:
1583	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1584	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1585
158620150416:
1587	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1588	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1589	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1590
159120150324:
1592	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1593	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1594	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1595	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1596
159720150315:
1598	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1599	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1600	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1601
160220150307:
1603	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1604	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1605	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1606	kernel before rebooting.
1607
160820150217:
1609	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1610	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1611	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1612	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1613	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1614	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1615
161620150210:
1617	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1618	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1619	with the new kernel.
1620
162120150131:
1622	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1623	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1624	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1625
162620150118:
1627	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1628	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1629	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1630	are not already using 3.5.0.
1631
163220150107:
1633	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1634	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1635	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1636	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1637	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1638
163920150105:
1640	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1641	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1642	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1643	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1644
164520150102:
1646	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1647	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1648
164920141231:
1650	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1651
1652	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1653	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1654	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1655	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1656	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1657	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1658	later.
1659
1660	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1661	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1662	of the box.
1663
1664	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1665	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1666	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1667	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1668
1669	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1670	the instructions for 9.x above.
1671
1672	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1673	default, and do not build clang.
1674
1675	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1676	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1677	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1678
1679	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1680	the following are most likely to appear:
1681
1682	-Wabsolute-value
1683
1684	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1685	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1686	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1687	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1688	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1689	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1690	  cast, or disable the warning.
1691
1692	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1693	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1694	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1695	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1696	  side-effects.
1697
1698	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1699	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1700
1701	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1702	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1703	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1704	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1705
1706	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1707	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1708	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1709	unreachable could be optimized away.
1710
171120141222:
1712	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1713	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1714	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1715	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1716	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1717	the utilities will report errors.
1718
171920141121:
1720	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1721	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1722	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1723	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1724	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1725	LOCAL_DIRS.
1726
172720141109:
1728	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1729	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1730
173120141104:
1732	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1733	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1734	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1735	drivers.
1736
1737	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1738	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1739	indicate what you need to do.
1740
1741	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1742	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1743	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1744
1745	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1746	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1747	  kern.vty=sc
1748
174920141102:
1750	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1751	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1752	execute it.
1753
175420141009:
1755	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1756	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1757	devel/gperf port.
1758
175920140923:
1760	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1761	contrib/pjdfstest .
1762
176320140922:
1764	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1765	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1766	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1767	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1768	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1769	their next update cycle.
1770
177120140729:
1772	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1773	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1774	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1775	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1776	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1777
177820140723:
1779	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1780	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1781
178220140719:
1783	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1784	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1785	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1786	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1787	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1788	new configuration.
1789
179020140709:
1791	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1792	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1793	them again.
1794	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1795
179620140708:
1797	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1798	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1799	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1800	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1801	requires readline.
1802
180320140702:
1804	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1805	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1806	architecture.
1807
180820140701:
1809	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1810	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1811	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1812	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1813	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1814
181520140629:
1816	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1817	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1818	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1819
182020140619:
1821	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1822	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1823	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1824
182520140606:
1826	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1827	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1828	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1829	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1830	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1831	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1832	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1833	"make installworld".
1834
1835	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1836	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1837	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1838	is run.
1839
1840	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1841	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1842	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1843	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1844	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1845
184620140512:
1847	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1848
184920140508:
1850	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1851	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1852	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1853
185420140505:
1855	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1856	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1857	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1858	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1859	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1860	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1861	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1862	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1863	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1864	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1865	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1866	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1867
1868	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1869	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1870	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1871	as well.
1872
187320140430:
1874	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1875	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1876
187720140424:
1878	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1879	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1880	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1881	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1882	build hosts for older releases.
1883
1884	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1885	r276991, respectively.
1886
188720140418:
1888	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1889	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1890	will silently lack HESIOD.
1891
189220140405:
1893	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1894	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1895	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1896	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1897	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1898	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1899	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1900	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1901	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1902	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1903	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1904	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1905
190620140306:
1907	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1908	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1909	with command line option -W.
1910
191120140226:
1912	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1913	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1914	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1915	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1916	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1917
191820140216:
1919	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1920
192120140216:
1922	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1923	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1924
192520140212:
1926	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1927	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1928	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1929	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1930	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1931
193220140204:
1933	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1934	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1935	kernel is still highly recommended.
1936
193720140131:
1938	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1939	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1940	capability mode support in kernel.
1941
194220140128:
1943	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1944	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1945	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1946	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1947	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1948
194920140110:
1950	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1951	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1952	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1953	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1954	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1955	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1956
195720131213:
1958	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1959	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1960	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1961	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1962	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1963	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1964	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1965	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1966	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1967
196820131108:
1969	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1970	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1971	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1972	should change your settings to use the latter.
1973
197420131025:
1975	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1976	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1977	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1978	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1979	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1980
198120131014:
1982	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1983	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1984	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1985	delete-old-libs":
1986	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1987	  or
1988	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1989
199020131010:
1991	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1992	revision r256279.
1993
1994COMMON ITEMS:
1995
1996	General Notes
1997	-------------
1998	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1999	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2000	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2001	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2002	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2003	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2004	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2005	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2006
2007	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2008	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2009	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2010	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2011	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2012	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2013	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2014	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2015	an exception.
2016
2017	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2018	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2019	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2020	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2021	step.
2022
2023	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2024	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2025	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2026	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2027
2028	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2029	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2030	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2031	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2032	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2033	should write them with this in mind.
2034
2035	ZFS notes
2036	---------
2037	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2038	these two steps:
2039
2040	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2041	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2042
2043	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2044
2045	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2046	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2047	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2048
2049	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2050
2051	To build a kernel
2052	-----------------
2053	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2054	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2055	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2056
2057	make kernel-toolchain
2058	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2059	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2060
2061	To test a kernel once
2062	---------------------
2063	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2064	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2065	debugging information) run
2066	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2067	nextboot -k testkernel
2068
2069	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2070	-----------------------------------------------------------
2071	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2072	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2073
2074	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2075	make buildworld
2076	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2077	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2078							[1]
2079	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2080	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2081	make installworld
2082	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2083	make delete-old					[6]
2084	<reboot>
2085
2086	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2087	--------------------------------------------------
2088	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2089	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2090	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2091	# size.
2092
2093	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2094	<boot into -stable>
2095	make buildworld
2096	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2097	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2098	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2099	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2100	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2101	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2102	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2103	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2104	<reboot into current>
2105	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2106	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2107	<reboot>
2108
2109
2110	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2111	----------------------------------------------
2112	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2113	make buildworld					[9]
2114	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2115	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2116							[1]
2117	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2118	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2119	make installworld
2120	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2121	make delete-old					[6]
2122	<reboot>
2123
2124	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2125	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2126	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2127	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2128	the UPDATING entries.
2129
2130	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2131	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2132	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2133	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2134	much fewer pitfalls.
2135
2136	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2137	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2138	system on reboot.
2139
2140	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2141		fsck -p
2142		mount -u /
2143		mount -a
2144		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2145		cd src			# full path to source
2146		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2147	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2148	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2149
2150	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2151	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2152	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2153	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2154	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2155	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2156	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2157
2158	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2159	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2160	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2161	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2162	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2163	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2164
2165	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2166	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2167	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2168
2169	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2170	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2171	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2172	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2173	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2174	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2175	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2176	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2177
2178	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2179	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2180	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2181	for these as well.
2182
2183	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2184	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2185	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2186
2187	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2188	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2189	warn if it is improperly defined.
2190FORMAT:
2191
2192This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2193breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2194list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2195If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2196to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2197
2198Copyright information:
2199
2200Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2201
2202Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2203modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2204document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2205
2206THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2207IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2208WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2209DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2210INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2211(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2212SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2213HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2214STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2215IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2216POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2217
2218Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2219this document.
2220
2221$FreeBSD$
2222