1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230221: 31 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 32 for details. 33 3420230206: 35 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 36 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 37 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 38 3920230204: 40 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 41 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 42 4320230130: 44 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 45 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 46 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 47 4820230126: 49 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 50 system are now built unconditionally. 51 5220230113: 53 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 54 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 55 5620221212: 57 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 58 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 59 60 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 61 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 62 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 63 6420221205: 65 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 66 to reenable sendmail(8): 67 68 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 69 70 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 71 7220221204: 73 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 74 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 75 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 76 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 77 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 78 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 79 80 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 81 8220221122: 83 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 84 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 85 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 86 8720221121: 88 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 89 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 90 9120221026: 92 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 93 for pkgbase users to do: 94 95 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 96 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 97 98 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 99 installed. 100 10120220610: 102 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 103 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 104 10520211230: 106 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 107 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 108 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 109 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 110 reflect this change. 111 11220211214: 113 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 114 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 115 11620211209: 117 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 118 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 119 the coming days and weeks. 120 121 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 122 or touch 123 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 124 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 125 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 126 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 127 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 128 12920211202: 130 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 131 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 132 statement in unbound.conf: 133 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 134 135 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 136 137 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 138 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 139 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 140 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 141 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 142 such names when roaming to different homenets. 143 14420211110: 145 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 146 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 147 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 148 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 149 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 150 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 151 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 152 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 153 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 154 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 155 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 156 15720211118: 158 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 159 tree shortly. 160 16120211106: 162 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 163 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 164 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 165 may need to be modified. 166 16720211022: 168 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 169 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 170 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 171 17220211020: 173 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 174 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 175 176 # chsh -s csh 177 17820211004: 179 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 180 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 181 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 182 this change. 183 18420210923: 185 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 186 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 187 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 188 list of modules to load on their systems. 189 19020210922: 191 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 192 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 193 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 194 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 195 19620210911: 197 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 198 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 199 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 200 being loaded. 201 20220210817: 203 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 204 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 205 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 206 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 207 application-specific configuration option for applications 208 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 209 21020210811: 211 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 212 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 213 21420210730: 215 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 216 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 217 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 218 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 219 22020210729: 221 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 222 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 223 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 224 22520210716: 226 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 227 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 229 23020210715: 231 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 232 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 233 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 234 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 235 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 236 to update your sources past the above hash and do 237 % cd usr.bin/awk 238 % make clean all 239 % sudo -E make install 240 to enable building kernels again. 241 24220210708: 243 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 244 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 245 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 246 24720210707: 248 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 249 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 250 25120210624: 252 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 253 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 254 for NFSv4 mounts. 255 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 256 25720210618: 258 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 259 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 260 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 261 additions and others. 262 26320210618: 264 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 265 renamed to "untrusted". 266 26720210611: 268 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 269 please install the svn package or port. 270 27120210611: 272 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 273 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 274 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 275 27620210610: 277 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 278 27920210608: 280 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 281 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 282https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 283 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 284 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 285 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 286 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 287 28820210525: 289 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 290 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 291 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 292 detect this. 293 29420210513: 295 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 296 libraries and utilities are packaged. 297 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 298 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 299 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 300 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 301 on the system. 302 30320210426: 304 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 305 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 306 need to be rebuilt from sources. 307 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 308 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 309 is not recommended. 310 31120210411: 312 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 313 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 314 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 315 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 316 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 317 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 318 31920210330: 320 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 321 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 322 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 323 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 324 32520210225: 326 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 327 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 328 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 329 33020210128: 331 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 332 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 333 update. 334 33520210108: 336 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 337 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 338 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 339 since it was bumped so recently. 340 34120210107: 342 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 343 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 344 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 345 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 346 34720210105: 348 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 349 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 350 requires a clean build. 351 35220201223: 353 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 354 instructions can be found at 355 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 356 and other documents in that repo. 357 35820201216: 359 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 360 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 361 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 362 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 363 36420201215: 365 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 366 may be installed from ports or packages. 367 36820201124: 369 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 370 See ping(8) for details. 371 37220201108: 373 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 374 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 375 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 376 37720201030: 378 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 379 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 380 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 381 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 382 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 383 38420201026: 385 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 386 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 387 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 388 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 389 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 390 find. 391 39220200923: 393 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 394 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 395 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 396 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 397 398 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 399 command you want to un-auger the tree is 400 cd sys/amd64/conf 401 svn revert -R . 402 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 403 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 404 40520200824: 406 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 407 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 408 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 409 unless you want to use new features. 410 411 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 412 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 413 rebuilding world may fail. 414 415 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 416 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 417 418 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 419 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 420 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 421 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 422 42320200824: 424 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 425 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 426 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 427 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 428 42920200821: 430 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 431 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 432 sources. 433 43420200817: 435 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 436 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 437 43820200816: 439 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 440 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 441 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 442 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 443 44420200810: 445 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 446 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 447 from sources, so a version bump was done. 448 44920200807: 450 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 451 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 452 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 453 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 454 45520200729: 456 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 457 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 458 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 459 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 460 continue to function. 461 462 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 463 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 464 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 465 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 466 46720200627: 468 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 469 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 470 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 471 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 472 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 473 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 474 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 475 47620200625: 477 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 478 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 479 48020200613: 481 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 482 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 483 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 484 48520200604: 486 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 487 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 488 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 489 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 490 491 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 492 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 493 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 494 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 495 /root/.shrc. 496 49720200523: 498 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 499 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 500 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 501 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 502 50320200512: 504 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 505 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 506 50720200424: 508 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 509 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 510 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 511 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 512 be functional without closefrom(2). 513 51420200414: 515 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 516 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 517 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 518 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 519 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 520 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 521 52220200310: 523 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 524 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 525 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 526 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 527 52820200309: 529 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 530 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 531 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 532 53320200301: 534 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 535 53620200229: 537 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 538 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 539 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 540 54120200229: 542 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 543 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 544 54520200229: 546 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 547 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 548 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 549 ports or packages. 550 55120200220: 552 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 553 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 554 ncurses. 555 55620200217: 557 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 558 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 559 together with their new kernel. 560 56120200212: 562 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 563 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 564 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 565 566 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 567 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 568 56920200108: 570 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 571 linker for riscv64. 572 57320200107: 574 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 575 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 576 external toolchain package. 577 57820200104: 579 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 580 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 581 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 582 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 583 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 584 58520200102: 586 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 587 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 588 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 589 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 590 59120191226: 592 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 593 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 594 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 595 ABI. 596 59720191226: 598 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 599 60020191222: 601 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 602 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 603 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 604 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 605 60620191212: 607 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 608 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 609 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 610 61120191205: 612 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 613 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 614 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 615 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 616 differences between those included in the port and those included in 617 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 618 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 619 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 620 62120191120: 622 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 623 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 624 for automounting. 625 62620191107: 627 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 628 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 629 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 630 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 631 add superio to the set. 632 63320191021: 634 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 635 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 636 63720191021: 638 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 639 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 640 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 641 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 642 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 643 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 644 completely in the future. 645 64620191009: 647 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 648 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 649 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 650 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 651 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 652 will be removed from the list. 653 65420191009: 655 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 656 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 657 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 658 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 659 66020191003: 661 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 662 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 663 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 664 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 665 66620190913: 667 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 668 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 669 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 670 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 671 67220190823: 673 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 674 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 675 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 676 67720190727: 678 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 679 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 680 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 681 your scripts, because they had no effect. 682 683 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 684 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 685 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 686 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 687 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 688 68920190713: 690 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 691 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 692 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 693 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 694 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 695 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 696 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 697 69820190620: 699 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 700 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 701 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 702 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 703 70420190612: 705 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 706 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 707 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 708 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 709 71020190608: 711 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 712 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 713 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 714 71520190513: 716 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 717 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 718 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 719 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 720 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 721 avoid running into the limit. 722 72320190507: 724 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 725 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 726 72720190507: 728 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 729 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 730 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 731 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 732 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 733 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 734 73520190418: 736 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 737 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 738 entropy: 739 740 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 741 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 742 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 743 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 744 availability properties. 745 746 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 747 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 748 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 749 initial condition, if desired. 750 751 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 752 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 753 754 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 755 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 756 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 757 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 758 75920190416: 760 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 761 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 762 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 763 therefore unblocked). 764 76520190404: 766 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 767 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 768 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 769 is added to the command line. 770 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 771 not affected and should continue to work. 772 77320190320: 774 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 775 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 776 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 777 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 778 77920190304: 780 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 781 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 782 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 783 or higher. 784 78520190226: 786 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 787 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 788 kernel config. 789 79020190219: 791 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 792 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 793 migrating to the drm ports. 794 79520190131: 796 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 797 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 798 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 799 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 800 is loaded automatically. 801 80220190125: 803 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 804 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 805 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 806 kernel config files. 807 80820181230: 809 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 810 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 811 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 812 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 813 81420181220: 815 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 816 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 817 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 818 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 819 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 820 most NFSv4 mounts. 821 82220181219: 823 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 824 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 825 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 826 827 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 828 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 829 830 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 831 removed from the mips port. 832 83320181211: 834 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 835 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 836 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 837 or higher. 838 83920181211: 840 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 841 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 842 84320181126: 844 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 845 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 846 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 847 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 848 84920181123: 850 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 851 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 852 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 853 85420181115: 855 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 856 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 857 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 858 FreeBSD versions. 859 86020181110: 861 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 862 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 863 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 864 865 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 866 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 867 being included using the command: 868 $ newsyslog -Nrv 869 87020181015: 871 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 872 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 873 drm-legacy-kmod. 874 875 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 876 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 877 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 878 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 879 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 880 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 881 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 882 that as you will get better support. 883 884 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 885 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 886 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 887 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 888 889 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 890 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 891 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 892 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 893 shortly. 894 89520181012: 896 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 897 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 898 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 899 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 900 be adjusted as necessary. 901 90220181009: 903 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 904 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 905 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 906 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 907 90820181006: 909 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 910 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 911 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 912 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 913 encouraged. 914 91520181002: 916 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 917 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 918 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 919 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 920 nda device name. 921 92220180913: 923 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 924 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 925 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 926 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 927 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 928 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 929 93020180826: 931 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 932 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 933 default since FreeBSD-11. 934 93520180822: 936 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 937 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 938 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 939 94020180818: 941 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 942 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 943 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 944 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 945 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 946 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 947 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 948 949 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 950 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 951 95220180815: 953 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 954 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 955 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 956 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 957 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 958 may not be observed in a future release. 959 96020180808: 961 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 962 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 963 your environment. 964 96520180731: 966 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 967 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 968 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 969 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 970 97120180730: 972 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 973 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 974 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 975 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 976 runtime services. 977 97820180727: 979 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 980 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 981 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 982 98320180723: 984 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 985 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 986 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 987 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 988 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 989 99020180720: 991 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 992 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 993 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 994 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 995 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 996 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 997 99820180719: 999 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1000 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1001 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1002 boot_serial=YES 1003 boot_multicons=YES 1004 in /boot/loader.conf 1005 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1006 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1007 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1008 100920180719: 1010 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1011 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1012 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1013 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1014 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1015 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1016 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1017 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1018 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1019 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1020 by the ntpd user. 1021 102220180717: 1023 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1024 102520180711: 1026 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1027 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1028 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1029 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1030 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1031 103220180705: 1033 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1034 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1035 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1036 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1037 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1038 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1039 104020180702: 1041 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1042 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1043 104420180701: 1045 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1046 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1047 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1048 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1049 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1050 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1051 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1052 105320180630: 1054 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1055 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1056 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1057 or higher. 1058 105920180628: 1060 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1061 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1062 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1063 file. 1064 106520180612: 1066 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1067 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1068 106920180530: 1070 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1071 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1072 longer necessary. 1073 107420180530: 1075 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1076 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1077 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1078 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1079 108020180523: 1081 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1082 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1083 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1084 later than r334108. 1085 108620180517: 1087 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1088 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1089 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1090 it must be removed. 1091 109220180510: 1093 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1094 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1095 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1096 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1097 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1098 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1099 will go away. 1100 1101 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1102 workaround is necessary. 1103 110420180508: 1105 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1106 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1107 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1108 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1109 111020180504: 1111 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1112 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1113 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1114 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1115 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1116 111720180502: 1118 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1119 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1120 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1121 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1122 112320180501: 1124 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1125 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1126 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1127 be removed. 1128 112920180413: 1130 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1131 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1132 removed. 1133 113420180411: 1135 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1136 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1137 removed. 1138 113920180406: 1140 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1141 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1142 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1143 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1144 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1145 1146 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1147 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1148 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1149 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1150 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1151 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1152 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1153 1154 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1155 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1156 1157 source src { 1158 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1159 } 1160 1161 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1162 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1163 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1164 1165 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1166 1167 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1168 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1169 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1170 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1171 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1172 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1173 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1174 1175 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1176 change. 1177 117820180328: 1179 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1180 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1181 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1182 118320180323: 1184 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1185 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1186 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1187 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1188 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1189 should be as simple as: 1190 1191 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1192 $ make depend all install 1193 119420180212: 1195 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1196 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1197 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1198 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1199 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1200 provisions for backup boot methods. 1201 120220180211: 1203 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1204 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1205 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1206 imp@freebsd.org. 1207 120820180114: 1209 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1210 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1211 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1212 or higher. 1213 121420180110: 1215 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1216 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1217 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1218 1219 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1220 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1221 122220180110: 1223 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1224 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1225 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1226 remove it from kernel config files. 1227 122820180104: 1229 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1230 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1231 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1232 1233 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1234 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1235 123620180102: 1237 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1238 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1239 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1240 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1241 124220171215: 1243 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1244 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1245 124620171214: 1247 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1248 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1249 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1250 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1251 125220171125: 1253 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1254 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1255 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1256 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1257 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1258 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1259 126020171110: 1261 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1262 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1263 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1264 126520171106: 1266 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1267 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1268 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1269 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1270 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1271 127220171102: 1273 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1274 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1275 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1276 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1277 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1278 environment. 1279 128020171101: 1281 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1282 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1283 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1284 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1285 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1286 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1287 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1288 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1289 than hardcoding paths. 1290 129120171028: 1292 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1293 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1294 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1295 129620171021: 1297 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1298 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1299 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1300 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1301 130220171010: 1303 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1304 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1305 130620171005: 1307 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1308 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1309 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1310 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1311 131220171003: 1313 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1314 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1315 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1316 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1317 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1318 131920170912: 1320 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1321 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1322 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1323 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1324 /etc/ctl.conf . 1325 132620170912: 1327 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1328 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1329 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1330 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1331 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1332 133320170826: 1334 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1335 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1336 133720170825: 1338 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1339 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1340 to complete. 1341 134220170814: 1343 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1344 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1345 ${TESTSDIR}. 1346 1347 Behavioral changes: 1348 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1349 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1350 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1351 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1352 1353 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1354 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1355 sandbox if successful. 1356 1357 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1358 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1359 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1360 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1361 an unprivileged user. 1362 136320170808: 1364 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1365 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1366 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1367 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1368 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1369 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1370 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1371 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1372 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1373 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1374 to which you should answer yes. 1375 137620170728: 1377 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1378 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1379 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1380 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1381 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1382 138320170722: 1384 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1385 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1386 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1387 138820170701: 1389 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1390 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1391 139220170625: 1393 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1394 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1395 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1396 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1397 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1398 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1399 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1400 140120170623: 1402 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1403 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1404 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1405 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1406 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1407 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1408 140920170620: 1410 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1411 if you require the GPL compiler. 1412 141320170618: 1414 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1415 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1416 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1417 141820170617: 1419 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1420 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1421 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1422 followed. 1423 142420170531: 1425 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1426 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1427 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1428 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1429 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1430 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1431 143220170524: 1433 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1434 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1435 which only require one chipset support. 1436 1437 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1438 1439 if_ath_load="YES" 1440 1441 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1442 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1443 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1444 1445 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1446 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1447 1448 * load ath_hal 1449 * load the chip modules in question 1450 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1451 * load ath_main 1452 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1453 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1454 1455 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1456 145720170523: 1458 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1459 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1460 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1461 1462 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1463 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1464 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1465 1466 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1467 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1468 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1469 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1470 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1471 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1472 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1473 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1474 147520170424: 1476 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1477 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1478 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1479 148020170420: 1481 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1482 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1483 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1484 148520170413: 1486 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1487 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1488 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1489 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1490 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1491 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1492 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1493 149420170407: 1495 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1496 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1497 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1498 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1499 150020170405: 1501 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1502 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1503 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1504 150520170331: 1506 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1507 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1508 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1509 151020170329: 1511 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1512 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1513 1514 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1515 via one of the following methods: 1516 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1517 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1518 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1519 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1520 1521 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1522 152320170316: 1524 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1525 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1526 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1527 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1528 with mmc.ko). 1529 153020170315: 1531 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1532 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1533 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1534 be prefixed with colon. 1535 153620170311: 1537 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1538 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1539 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1540 154120170302: 1542 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1543 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1544 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1545 154620170221: 1547 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1548 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1549 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1550 change. 1551 155220170216: 1553 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1554 valid. 1555 155620170215: 1557 MCA bus support has been removed. 1558 155920170127: 1560 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1561 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1562 156320170112: 1564 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1565 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1566 156720170109: 1568 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1569 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1570 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1571 configuration. 1572 157320161217: 1574 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1575 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1576 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1577 157820161124: 1579 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1580 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1581 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1582 158320161119: 1584 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1585 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1586 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1587 158820161030: 1589 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1590 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1591 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1592 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1593 159420161017: 1595 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1596 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1597 parts. 1598 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1599 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1600 160120161015: 1602 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1603 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1604 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1605 removed from base. 1606 160720161008: 1608 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1609 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1610 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1611 161220161003: 1613 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1614 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1615 161620160924: 1617 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1618 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1619 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1620 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1621 162220160918: 1623 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1624 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1625 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1626 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1627 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1628 162920160918: 1630 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1631 163220160908: 1633 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1634 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1635 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1636 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1637 163820160824: 1639 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1640 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1641 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1642 to 1200005. 1643 164420160818: 1645 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1646 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1647 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1648 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1649 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1650 0. 1651 165220160818: 1653 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1654 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1655 165620160708: 1657 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1658 1659After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1660from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1661entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1662UPDATING file. 1663 1664COMMON ITEMS: 1665 1666 General Notes 1667 ------------- 1668 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1669 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1670 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1671 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1672 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1673 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1674 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1675 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1676 1677 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1678 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1679 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1680 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1681 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1682 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1683 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1684 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1685 an exception. 1686 1687 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1688 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1689 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1690 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1691 step. 1692 1693 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1694 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1695 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1696 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1697 1698 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1699 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1700 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1701 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1702 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1703 should write them with this in mind. 1704 1705 ZFS notes 1706 --------- 1707 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1708 always follow these three steps: 1709 1710 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1711 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1712 1713 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1714 doing a zpool upgrade): 1715 1716 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1717 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1718 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1719 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1720 1721 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1722 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1723 zpool upgrade. 1724 1725 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1726 1727 EFI notes 1728 --------- 1729 1730 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1731 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1732 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1733 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1734 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1735 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1736 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1737 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1738 1739 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1740 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1741 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1742 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1743 1744 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1745 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1746 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1747 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1748 1749 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1750 1751 To build a kernel 1752 ----------------- 1753 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1754 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1755 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1756 1757 make kernel-toolchain 1758 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1759 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1760 1761 To test a kernel once 1762 --------------------- 1763 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1764 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1765 debugging information) run 1766 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1767 nextboot -k testkernel 1768 1769 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1770 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1771 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1772 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1773 1774 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1775 make buildworld 1776 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1777 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1778 [1] 1779 <reboot in single user> [3] 1780 etcupdate -p [5] 1781 make installworld 1782 etcupdate -B [4] 1783 make delete-old [6] 1784 <reboot> 1785 1786 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1787 -------------------------------------------------- 1788 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1789 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1790 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1791 # size. 1792 1793 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1794 <boot into -stable> 1795 make buildworld 1796 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1797 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1798 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1799 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1800 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1801 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1802 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1803 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1804 <reboot into current> 1805 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1806 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1807 <reboot> 1808 1809 1810 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1811 ---------------------------------------------- 1812 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1813 make buildworld [9] 1814 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1815 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1816 [1] 1817 <reboot in single user> [3] 1818 etcupdate -p [5] 1819 make installworld 1820 etcupdate -B [4] 1821 make delete-old [6] 1822 <reboot> 1823 1824 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1825 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1826 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1827 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1828 the UPDATING entries. 1829 1830 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1831 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1832 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1833 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1834 much fewer pitfalls. 1835 1836 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1837 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1838 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1839 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1840 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1841 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1842 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1843 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1844 and effective, eg: 1845 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1846 1847 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1848 fsck -p 1849 mount -u / 1850 mount -a 1851 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1852 cd src # full path to source 1853 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1854 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1855 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1856 1857 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1858 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1859 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1860 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1861 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1862 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1863 1864 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1865 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1866 step. 1867 1868 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1869 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1870 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1871 1872 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1873 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1874 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1875 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1876 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1877 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1878 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1879 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1880 1881 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1882 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1883 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1884 for these as well. 1885 1886 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1887 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1888 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1889 1890 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1891 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1892 warn if it is improperly defined. 1893FORMAT: 1894 1895This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1896breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1897list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1898If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1899to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1900 1901Copyright information: 1902 1903Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1904 1905Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1906modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1907document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1908 1909THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1910IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1911WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1912DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1913INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1914(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1915SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1916HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1917STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1918IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1919POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1920 1921Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1922this document. 1923 1924$FreeBSD$ 1925