.fp 5 CW
.de Af
.ds ;G \\*(;G\\f\\$1\\$3\\f\\$2
.if !\\$4 .Af \\$2 \\$1 "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9"
..
.de aF
.ie \\$3 .ft \\$1
.el \{\
.ds ;G \&
.nr ;G \\n(.f
.Af "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9"
\\*(;G
.ft \\n(;G \}
..
.de L
.aF 5 \\n(.f "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7"
..
.de LR
.aF 5 1 "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7"
..
.de RL
.aF 1 5 "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7"
..
.de EX		\" start example
.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
.PP
.RS 
.PD 0
.ft 5
.nf
..
.de EE		\" end example
.fi
.ft
.PD
.RE
.PP
..
.TH RE 3
.SH NAME
recomp, reexec, ressub, refree, reerror \(mi regular expression library
.SH SYNOPSIS
.EX
#include <re.h>

Re_program_t* recomp(char* \fIpattern\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
int reexec(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP, char* \fIsource\fP);
void ressub(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP, Sfio_t* \fIsp\fP, char* \fIold\fP, char* \fInew\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
void reerror(char* \fImessage\fP);
void refree(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP);
.EE
.SH DESCRIPTION
.L recomp
compiles a regular expression in
.I pattern
and returns a pointer to the compiled regular expression.
The space is allocated by
.IR malloc (3)
and may be released by
.LR refree .
Regular expressions are as in
.IR egrep (1)
except that newlines are treated as ordinary
characters and
.L $
matches the end of a null-terminated string.
.I flags
may be
.L RE_EDSTYLE
which specifies
.IR ed (1)
style special characters,
.LR \e( ,
.LR \e) ,
.LR \e? ,
.L \e+
and
.L \e|
for the
.IR egrep (1)
.LR ( ,
.LR ) ,
.LR ? ,
.L +
and
.LR | ,
respectively.
.PP
.L reexec
matches the null-terminated
.I source
string against the compiled regular expression
.I re
from a previous call to
.LR recomp .
If it matches,
.L reexec
returns a non-zero value.
If
.I flags
is
.L RE_MATCH
then the array
.I re\->match
is filled with character pointers to the substrings of
.I source
that correspond to the
parenthesized subexpressions of 
.IR pattern :
.I re\->match[i].sp
points to the beginning and
.I re\->match[i].ep
points just beyond
the end of substring
.IR i .
(Subexpression
.I i
begins at the
.IR i th
matched left parenthesis, counting from 1.)
Pointers in
.I re\->match[0]
pick out the substring that corresponds to
the entire regular expression.
Unused elements of
.I re\->match
are filled with zeros.
Matches involving
.LR * ,
.LR + ,
and 
.L ?
are extended as far as possible.
A maximum of 9 subexpressions will be matched.
The structure of elements of
.I re\->match 
is:
.nf
.ta 8n
	typedef struct
	{
		char* sp;
		char* ep;
	} rematch;
.fi
.LP
.L ressub
places in the
.IR sfio (3)
stream
.I sp
a substitution instance of
.I old
to
.I new
in
.I source
in the context of the last
.L reexec
performed on
.IR re\->match .
Each instance of
.LI \e n ,
where
.I n
is a digit, is replaced by the
string delimited by
.LI re\->match[ n ].sp
and
.LI re\->match[ n ].ep .
Each instance of 
.L &
is replaced by the string delimited by
.I re\->match[0].sp
and
.IR re\->match[0].ep .
If
.L RE_ALL
is set in
.I flags
then all occurrences of
.I old
are replaced by
.IR new .
If
.L RE_LOWER
.RL [ RE_UPPER ]
is set in
.I flags
then
.I old
is converted to lower [upper] case.
.LP
.L reerror,
called whenever an error is detected in
.L recomp,
.L reexec,
or
.L ressub,
writes the string
.I msg
on the standard error file and exits.
.L reerror
may be replaced to perform
special error processing.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
.L recomp
returns 0 for an invalid expression or other failure.
.L reexec
returns 1 if
.I source
is accepted, 0 otherwise.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
ed(1), grep(1), expr(1)