/* * CDDL HEADER START * * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions * and limitations under the License. * * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] * * CDDL HEADER END */ /* * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. * Use is subject to license terms. */ /* * Copyright (c) 2013, 2017 by Delphix. All rights reserved. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* * This tunable disables predictive prefetch. Note that it leaves "prescient" * prefetch (e.g. prefetch for zfs send) intact. Unlike predictive prefetch, * prescient prefetch never issues i/os that end up not being needed, * so it can't hurt performance. */ boolean_t zfs_prefetch_disable = B_FALSE; /* max # of streams per zfetch */ uint32_t zfetch_max_streams = 8; /* min time before stream reclaim */ uint32_t zfetch_min_sec_reap = 2; /* max bytes to prefetch per stream (default 8MB) */ uint32_t zfetch_max_distance = 8 * 1024 * 1024; /* max bytes to prefetch indirects for per stream (default 64MB) */ uint32_t zfetch_max_idistance = 64 * 1024 * 1024; /* max number of bytes in an array_read in which we allow prefetching (1MB) */ uint64_t zfetch_array_rd_sz = 1024 * 1024; typedef struct zfetch_stats { kstat_named_t zfetchstat_hits; kstat_named_t zfetchstat_misses; kstat_named_t zfetchstat_max_streams; kstat_named_t zfetchstat_max_completion_us; kstat_named_t zfetchstat_last_completion_us; kstat_named_t zfetchstat_io_issued; } zfetch_stats_t; static zfetch_stats_t zfetch_stats = { { "hits", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, { "misses", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, { "max_streams", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, { "max_completion_us", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, { "last_completion_us", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, { "io_issued", KSTAT_DATA_UINT64 }, }; #define ZFETCHSTAT_BUMP(stat) \ atomic_inc_64(&zfetch_stats.stat.value.ui64) #define ZFETCHSTAT_ADD(stat, val) \ atomic_add_64(&zfetch_stats.stat.value.ui64, val) #define ZFETCHSTAT_SET(stat, val) \ zfetch_stats.stat.value.ui64 = val #define ZFETCHSTAT_GET(stat) \ zfetch_stats.stat.value.ui64 kstat_t *zfetch_ksp; void zfetch_init(void) { zfetch_ksp = kstat_create("zfs", 0, "zfetchstats", "misc", KSTAT_TYPE_NAMED, sizeof (zfetch_stats) / sizeof (kstat_named_t), KSTAT_FLAG_VIRTUAL); if (zfetch_ksp != NULL) { zfetch_ksp->ks_data = &zfetch_stats; kstat_install(zfetch_ksp); } } void zfetch_fini(void) { if (zfetch_ksp != NULL) { kstat_delete(zfetch_ksp); zfetch_ksp = NULL; } } /* * This takes a pointer to a zfetch structure and a dnode. It performs the * necessary setup for the zfetch structure, grokking data from the * associated dnode. */ void dmu_zfetch_init(zfetch_t *zf, dnode_t *dno) { if (zf == NULL) return; zf->zf_dnode = dno; zf->zf_numstreams = 0; list_create(&zf->zf_stream, sizeof (zstream_t), offsetof(zstream_t, zs_node)); rw_init(&zf->zf_rwlock, NULL, RW_DEFAULT, NULL); } static void dmu_zfetch_stream_fini(zstream_t *zs) { mutex_destroy(&zs->zs_lock); zfs_refcount_destroy(&zs->zs_blocks); kmem_free(zs, sizeof (*zs)); } static void dmu_zfetch_stream_remove(zfetch_t *zf, zstream_t *zs) { ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zf->zf_rwlock)); list_remove(&zf->zf_stream, zs); dmu_zfetch_stream_fini(zs); zf->zf_numstreams--; } static void dmu_zfetch_stream_orphan(zfetch_t *zf, zstream_t *zs) { ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zf->zf_rwlock)); list_remove(&zf->zf_stream, zs); zs->zs_fetch = NULL; zf->zf_numstreams--; } /* * Clean-up state associated with a zfetch structure (e.g. destroy the * streams). This doesn't free the zfetch_t itself, that's left to the caller. */ void dmu_zfetch_fini(zfetch_t *zf) { zstream_t *zs; ASSERT(!RW_LOCK_HELD(&zf->zf_rwlock)); rw_enter(&zf->zf_rwlock, RW_WRITER); while ((zs = list_head(&zf->zf_stream)) != NULL) { if (zfs_refcount_count(&zs->zs_blocks) != 0) dmu_zfetch_stream_orphan(zf, zs); else dmu_zfetch_stream_remove(zf, zs); } rw_exit(&zf->zf_rwlock); list_destroy(&zf->zf_stream); rw_destroy(&zf->zf_rwlock); zf->zf_dnode = NULL; } /* * If there aren't too many streams already, create a new stream. * The "blkid" argument is the next block that we expect this stream to access. * While we're here, clean up old streams (which haven't been * accessed for at least zfetch_min_sec_reap seconds). */ static void dmu_zfetch_stream_create(zfetch_t *zf, uint64_t blkid) { zstream_t *zs_next; hrtime_t now = gethrtime(); ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zf->zf_rwlock)); /* * Clean up old streams. */ for (zstream_t *zs = list_head(&zf->zf_stream); zs != NULL; zs = zs_next) { zs_next = list_next(&zf->zf_stream, zs); /* * Skip gethrtime() call if there are still references */ if (zfs_refcount_count(&zs->zs_blocks) != 0) continue; if (((now - zs->zs_atime) / NANOSEC) > zfetch_min_sec_reap) dmu_zfetch_stream_remove(zf, zs); } /* * The maximum number of streams is normally zfetch_max_streams, * but for small files we lower it such that it's at least possible * for all the streams to be non-overlapping. * * If we are already at the maximum number of streams for this file, * even after removing old streams, then don't create this stream. */ uint32_t max_streams = MAX(1, MIN(zfetch_max_streams, zf->zf_dnode->dn_maxblkid * zf->zf_dnode->dn_datablksz / zfetch_max_distance)); if (zf->zf_numstreams >= max_streams) { ZFETCHSTAT_BUMP(zfetchstat_max_streams); return; } zstream_t *zs = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*zs), KM_SLEEP); zs->zs_blkid = blkid; zs->zs_pf_blkid = blkid; zs->zs_ipf_blkid = blkid; zs->zs_atime = now; zs->zs_fetch = zf; zfs_refcount_create(&zs->zs_blocks); mutex_init(&zs->zs_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL); zf->zf_numstreams++; list_insert_head(&zf->zf_stream, zs); } static void dmu_zfetch_stream_done(void *arg, boolean_t io_issued) { zstream_t *zs = arg; if (zs->zs_start_time && io_issued) { hrtime_t now = gethrtime(); hrtime_t delta = NSEC2USEC(now - zs->zs_start_time); zs->zs_start_time = 0; ZFETCHSTAT_SET(zfetchstat_last_completion_us, delta); if (delta > ZFETCHSTAT_GET(zfetchstat_max_completion_us)) ZFETCHSTAT_SET(zfetchstat_max_completion_us, delta); } if (zfs_refcount_remove(&zs->zs_blocks, NULL) != 0) return; /* * The parent fetch structure has gone away */ if (zs->zs_fetch == NULL) dmu_zfetch_stream_fini(zs); } /* * This is the predictive prefetch entry point. It associates dnode access * specified with blkid and nblks arguments with prefetch stream, predicts * further accesses based on that stats and initiates speculative prefetch. * fetch_data argument specifies whether actual data blocks should be fetched: * FALSE -- prefetch only indirect blocks for predicted data blocks; * TRUE -- prefetch predicted data blocks plus following indirect blocks. */ void dmu_zfetch(zfetch_t *zf, uint64_t blkid, uint64_t nblks, boolean_t fetch_data, boolean_t have_lock) { zstream_t *zs; int64_t pf_start, ipf_start, ipf_istart, ipf_iend; int64_t pf_ahead_blks, max_blks; int epbs, max_dist_blks, pf_nblks, ipf_nblks, issued; uint64_t end_of_access_blkid = blkid + nblks; spa_t *spa = zf->zf_dnode->dn_objset->os_spa; if (zfs_prefetch_disable) return; /* * If we haven't yet loaded the indirect vdevs' mappings, we * can only read from blocks that we carefully ensure are on * concrete vdevs (or previously-loaded indirect vdevs). So we * can't allow the predictive prefetcher to attempt reads of other * blocks (e.g. of the MOS's dnode obejct). */ if (!spa_indirect_vdevs_loaded(spa)) return; /* * As a fast path for small (single-block) files, ignore access * to the first block. */ if (!have_lock && blkid == 0) return; if (!have_lock) rw_enter(&zf->zf_dnode->dn_struct_rwlock, RW_READER); /* * A fast path for small files for which no prefetch will * happen. */ if (zf->zf_dnode->dn_maxblkid < 2) { if (!have_lock) rw_exit(&zf->zf_dnode->dn_struct_rwlock); return; } rw_enter(&zf->zf_rwlock, RW_READER); /* * Find matching prefetch stream. Depending on whether the accesses * are block-aligned, first block of the new access may either follow * the last block of the previous access, or be equal to it. */ for (zs = list_head(&zf->zf_stream); zs != NULL; zs = list_next(&zf->zf_stream, zs)) { if (blkid == zs->zs_blkid || blkid + 1 == zs->zs_blkid) { mutex_enter(&zs->zs_lock); /* * zs_blkid could have changed before we * acquired zs_lock; re-check them here. */ if (blkid == zs->zs_blkid) { break; } else if (blkid + 1 == zs->zs_blkid) { blkid++; nblks--; if (nblks == 0) { /* Already prefetched this before. */ mutex_exit(&zs->zs_lock); rw_exit(&zf->zf_rwlock); if (!have_lock) { rw_exit(&zf->zf_dnode-> dn_struct_rwlock); } return; } break; } mutex_exit(&zs->zs_lock); } } if (zs == NULL) { /* * This access is not part of any existing stream. Create * a new stream for it. */ ZFETCHSTAT_BUMP(zfetchstat_misses); if (rw_tryupgrade(&zf->zf_rwlock)) dmu_zfetch_stream_create(zf, end_of_access_blkid); rw_exit(&zf->zf_rwlock); if (!have_lock) rw_exit(&zf->zf_dnode->dn_struct_rwlock); return; } /* * This access was to a block that we issued a prefetch for on * behalf of this stream. Issue further prefetches for this stream. * * Normally, we start prefetching where we stopped * prefetching last (zs_pf_blkid). But when we get our first * hit on this stream, zs_pf_blkid == zs_blkid, we don't * want to prefetch the block we just accessed. In this case, * start just after the block we just accessed. */ pf_start = MAX(zs->zs_pf_blkid, end_of_access_blkid); /* * Double our amount of prefetched data, but don't let the * prefetch get further ahead than zfetch_max_distance. */ if (fetch_data) { max_dist_blks = zfetch_max_distance >> zf->zf_dnode->dn_datablkshift; /* * Previously, we were (zs_pf_blkid - blkid) ahead. We * want to now be double that, so read that amount again, * plus the amount we are catching up by (i.e. the amount * read just now). */ pf_ahead_blks = zs->zs_pf_blkid - blkid + nblks; max_blks = max_dist_blks - (pf_start - end_of_access_blkid); pf_nblks = MIN(pf_ahead_blks, max_blks); } else { pf_nblks = 0; } zs->zs_pf_blkid = pf_start + pf_nblks; /* * Do the same for indirects, starting from where we stopped last, * or where we will stop reading data blocks (and the indirects * that point to them). */ ipf_start = MAX(zs->zs_ipf_blkid, zs->zs_pf_blkid); max_dist_blks = zfetch_max_idistance >> zf->zf_dnode->dn_datablkshift; /* * We want to double our distance ahead of the data prefetch * (or reader, if we are not prefetching data). Previously, we * were (zs_ipf_blkid - blkid) ahead. To double that, we read * that amount again, plus the amount we are catching up by * (i.e. the amount read now + the amount of data prefetched now). */ pf_ahead_blks = zs->zs_ipf_blkid - blkid + nblks + pf_nblks; max_blks = max_dist_blks - (ipf_start - end_of_access_blkid); ipf_nblks = MIN(pf_ahead_blks, max_blks); zs->zs_ipf_blkid = ipf_start + ipf_nblks; epbs = zf->zf_dnode->dn_indblkshift - SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT; ipf_istart = P2ROUNDUP(ipf_start, 1 << epbs) >> epbs; ipf_iend = P2ROUNDUP(zs->zs_ipf_blkid, 1 << epbs) >> epbs; zs->zs_atime = gethrtime(); /* no prior reads in progress */ if (zfs_refcount_count(&zs->zs_blocks) == 0) zs->zs_start_time = zs->zs_atime; zs->zs_blkid = end_of_access_blkid; zfs_refcount_add_few(&zs->zs_blocks, pf_nblks + ipf_iend - ipf_istart, NULL); mutex_exit(&zs->zs_lock); rw_exit(&zf->zf_rwlock); issued = 0; /* * dbuf_prefetch() is asynchronous (even when it needs to read * indirect blocks), but we still prefer to drop our locks before * calling it to reduce the time we hold them. */ for (int i = 0; i < pf_nblks; i++) { issued += dbuf_prefetch_impl(zf->zf_dnode, 0, pf_start + i, ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, ARC_FLAG_PREDICTIVE_PREFETCH, dmu_zfetch_stream_done, zs); } for (int64_t iblk = ipf_istart; iblk < ipf_iend; iblk++) { issued += dbuf_prefetch_impl(zf->zf_dnode, 1, iblk, ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, ARC_FLAG_PREDICTIVE_PREFETCH, dmu_zfetch_stream_done, zs); } if (!have_lock) rw_exit(&zf->zf_dnode->dn_struct_rwlock); ZFETCHSTAT_BUMP(zfetchstat_hits); if (issued) ZFETCHSTAT_ADD(zfetchstat_io_issued, issued); }