'\" te
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.TH KDB5_UTIL 8 "August 13, 2023"
.SH NAME
kdb5_util \- Kerberos Database maintenance utility
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
\fB/usr/sbin/kdb5_util\fR  [\fB-d\fR \fIdbname\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIstashfile_name\fR]
     [\fB-k\fR \fImkeytype\fR] [\fB-m\fR ] [\fB-M\fR \fImkeyname\fR] [\fB-P\fR \fIpassword\fR] [\fB-r\fR \fIrealm\fR]
     [\fB-x\fR \fIdb_args\fR]... \fIcmd\fR
.fi

.SH DESCRIPTION
The \fBkdb5_util\fR utility enables you to create, dump, load, and destroy the
Kerberos V5 database. You can also use \fBkdb5_util\fR to create a stash file
containing the Kerberos database master key.
.SH OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-d\fR \fIdbname\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Specify the database name. \fB\&.db\fR is appended to whatever name is
specified. You can specify an absolute path. If you do not specify the \fB-d\fR
option, the default database name is \fB/var/krb5/principal\fR.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-f\fR \fIstashfile_name\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Specify the stash file name. You can specify an absolute path.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-k\fR \fImkeytype\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Specify the master key type. Valid values are \fBdes3-cbc-sha1\fR,
\fBdes-cbc-crc\fR, \fBdes-cbc-md5\fR, \fBdes-cbc-raw\fR,
\fBarcfour-hmac-md5\fR, \fBarcfour-hmac-md5-exp\fR,
\fBaes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96\fR, and \fBaes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96\fR.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-m\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Enter the master key manually.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-M\fR \fImkeyname\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Specify the master key name.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-P\fR \fIpassword\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Use the specified \fIpassword\fR instead of the stash file.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-r\fR \fIrealm\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Use \fIrealm\fR as the default database realm.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-x\fR \fIdb_args\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Pass database-specific arguments to \fBkadmin\fR. Supported arguments are for
LDAP and the \fBBerkeley-db2\fR plug-in. These arguments are:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBbinddn\fR=\fIbinddn\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
LDAP simple bind DN for authorization on the directory server. Overrides the
\fBldap_kadmind_dn\fR parameter setting in \fBkrb5.conf\fR(5).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBbindpwd\fR=\fIbindpwd\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Bind password.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBdbname\fR=\fIname\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
For the \fBBerkeley-db2\fR plug-in, specifies a name for the Kerberos database.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBnconns\fR=\fInum\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Maximum number of server connections.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBport\fR=\fInum\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Directory server connection port.
.RE

.RE

.SH OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIcmd\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Specifies whether to create, destroy, dump, or load the database, or to create
a stash file.
.sp
You can specify the following commands:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBcreate\fR \fB-s\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Creates the database specified by the \fB-d\fR option. You will be prompted for
the database master password. If you specify \fB-s\fR, a stash file is created
as specified by the \fB-f\fR option. If you did not specify \fB-f\fR, the
default stash file name is \fB/var/krb5/.k5.realm\fR. If you use the \fB-f\fR,
\fB-k\fR, or \fB-M\fR options when you create a database, then you must use the
same options when modifying or destroying the database.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBdestroy\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Destroys the database specified by the \fB-d\fR option.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBstash\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Creates a stash file. If \fB-f\fR was not specified, the default stash file
name is \fB/var/krb5/.k5.realm\fR. You will be prompted for the master database
password. This command is useful when you want to generate the stash file from
the password.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBdump\fR [\fB-old\fR] [\fB-b6\fR] [\fB-b7\fR] [\fB-ov\fR] [\fB-verbose\fR]
[\fB-mkey_convert\fR] [\fB-new_mkey_file\fR \fImkey_file\fR] [\fB-rev\fR]
[\fB-recurse\fR] [\fIfilename\fR [\fIprincipals\fR...]]\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Dumps the current Kerberos and KADM5 database into an ASCII file. By default,
the database is dumped in current format, "\fBkdb5_util load_dumpversion 5\fR".
If \fIfilename\fR is not specified or is the string "-", the dump is sent to
standard output. Options are as follows:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-old\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 5 and earlier dump format
("\fBkdb5_edit load_dump version 2.0\fR").
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-b6\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 6 format ("\fBkdb5_edit load_dump
version 3.0\fR").
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-b7\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format ("\fBkdb5_util load_dump
version 4\fR"). This was the dump format produced on releases prior to 1.2.2.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-ov\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the dump to be in \fBovsec_adm_export\fR format.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-verbose\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the name of each principal and policy to be displayed as it is dumped.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-mkey_convert\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Prompts for a new master key. This new master key will be used to re-encrypt
the key data in the dumpfile. The key data in the database will not be changed.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-new_mkey_file\fR \fImkey_file\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The filename of a stash file. The master key in this stash file will be used to
re-encrypt the key data in the dumpfile. The key data in the database will not
be changed.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-rev\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Dumps in reverse order. This might recover principals that do not dump
normally, in cases where database corruption has occurred.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-recurse\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the dump to walk the database recursively (\fBbtree\fR only). This might
recover principals that do not dump normally, in cases where database
corruption has occurred. In cases of such corruption, this option will probably
retrieve more principals than will the \fB-rev\fR option.
.RE

.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBload\fR [\fB-old\fR] [\fB-b6\fR] [\fB-b7\fR] [\fB-ov\fR] [\fB-hash\fR]
[\fB-verbose\fR] [\fB-update\fR] \fIfilename\fR \fIdbname\fR
[\fIadmin_dbname\fR]\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Loads a database dump from \fIfilename\fR into \fIdbname\fR. Unless the
\fB-old\fR or \fB-b6\fR option is specified, the format of the dump file is
detected automatically and handled appropriately. Unless the \fB-update\fR
option is specified, \fBload\fR creates a new database containing only the
principals in the dump file, overwriting the contents of any existing database.
The \fB-old\fR option requires the database to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 5 or
earlier format ("\fBkdb5_edit load_dump version 2.0\fR").
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-b6\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Requires the database to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 6 format ("\fBkdb5_edit
load_dump version 3.0\fR").
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-b7\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Requires the database to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format ("\fBkdb5_util
load_dump version 4\fR").
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-ov\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Requires the database to be in \fBovsec_adm_import\fR format. Must be used with
the \fB-update\fR option.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-hash\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Requires the database to be stored as a hash. If this option is not specified,
the database will be stored as a \fBbtree\fR. This option is not recommended,
as databases stored in hash format are known to corrupt data and lose
principals.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-verbose\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Causes the name of each principal and policy to be displayed as it is dumped.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-update\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Records from the dump file are added to or updated in the existing database.
Otherwise, a new database is created containing only what is in the dump file
and the old one is destroyed upon successful completion.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIfilename\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Required argument that specifies a path to a file containing database dump.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIdbname\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Required argument that overrides the value specified on the command line or
overrides the default.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIadmin_dbname\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Optional argument that is derived from \fIdbname\fR if not specified.
.RE

.RE

.RE

.SH EXAMPLES
\fBExample 1 \fRCreating File that Contains Information about Two Principals
.sp
.LP
The following example creates a file named \fBslavedata\fR that contains the
information about two principals, \fBjdb@EXAMPLE.COM\fR and
\fBpak@EXAMPLE.COM\fR.

.sp
.in +2
.nf
# /usr/sbin/kdb5_util dump -verbose slavedata
jdb@EXAMPLE.COM pak@EXAMPLE.COM
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.SH FILES
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/krb5/principal\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Kerberos principal database.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/krb5/principal.kadm5\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Kerberos administrative database. Contains policy information.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/krb5/principal.kadm5.lock\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
Lock file for the Kerberos administrative database. This file works backwards
from most other lock files (that is, \fBkadmin\fR exits with an error if this
file does not exist).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/krb5/principal.ulog\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The update log file for incremental propagation.
.RE

.SH ATTRIBUTES
See \fBattributes\fR(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
.sp

.sp
.TS
box;
c | c
l | l .
ATTRIBUTE TYPE	ATTRIBUTE VALUE
_
Interface Stability	Evolving
.TE

.SH SEE ALSO
.BR kpasswd (1),
.BR kadm5.acl (5),
.BR kdc.conf (5),
.BR attributes (7),
.BR kerberos (7),
.BR kadmin (8),
.BR kadmin.local (8),
.BR kadmind (8),
.BR kdb5_ldap_util (8),
.BR kproplog (8)