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.\" Copyright 2014 Garrett D'Amore
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.Dd November 7, 2021
.Dt INIT 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm init ,
.Nm TIMEZONE
.Nd set default system time zone and locale
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Pa /etc/default/init
.Pp
.Pa /etc/TIMEZONE
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This file sets the time zone environment variable
.Ev TZ ,
and the locale-related environment variables
.Ev LANG ,
.Ev LC_COLLATE ,
.Ev LC_CTYPE ,
.Ev LC_MESSAGES ,
.Ev LC_MONETARY ,
.Ev LC_NUMERIC
and
.Ev LC_TIME .
.Pp
It can also be used to set any additional environment variables which should be
present in all processes started by
.Xr init 8
or
.Xr svc.startd 8 ,
and in any
.Xr zoneadmd 8
daemons started automatically to support zone operations.
.Pp
The format of the file is a set of tokens of the form:
.Pp
.Dl Ar VAR Ns No \&= Ns Ar value
.Pp
where
.Ar VAR
is an environment variable and
.Ar value
is the value assigned to the variable.
.Ar value
can be enclosed in double quotes
.Pq \&"
or single quotes
.Pq \&' ,
however, these quotes cannot be part of the value.
Neither
.Ar VAR
nor
.Ar value
may contain whitespace.
Multiple
.Ar VAR Ns No \&= Ns Ar value
pairs can occur on the same line, separated by whitespace or a semicolon
.Pq \&; ,
but, for compatibility with existing software, the
.Ev TZ
variable
.Em must
appear on its own line with no leading whitespace.
Comments are supported; each comment must be on its own line and begin with a
hash
.Pq #
character.
.Pp
If the
.Ev CMASK
variable is specified, it is not passed to the environment but the value is
used to set the initial umask that
.Xr init 8
uses and that every other process inherits.
The
.Ev CMASK
value is specified in octal and must be between 000 and 077 to be accepted; the
value is silently ignored otherwise.
If the value is missing or cannot be parsed as an octal number, then a value
of 0 is assumed.
A sequence of valid octal digits followed by other trailing characters will be
treated as if the trailing characters were not present.
.Pp
For
.Xr init 8 ,
the number of environment variables that can be set is limited to 20.
.Pp
.Pa /etc/TIMEZONE
is a symbolic link to
.Pa /etc/default/init .
This link exists for compatibility with legacy software, is obsolete, and may
be removed in a future release.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ctime 3C ,
.Xr environ 7 ,
.Xr init 8 ,
.Xr rtc 8 ,
.Xr svc.startd 8 ,
.Xr zoneadmd 8
.Sh NOTES
When changing the
.Ev TZ
setting on x86 systems, you must make a corresponding change to the
.Pa /etc/rtc_config
file to account for the new timezone setting.
This can be accomplished by executing the following commands, followed by a
reboot, to make the changes take effect:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
# rtc -z zone-name
# rtc -c
.Ed
.Pp
where
.Ar zone-name
is the same name as the
.Ev TZ
variable setting.
.Pp
See
.Xr rtc 8
for more information.