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.Dd March 13, 2022
.Dt FDIO 4I
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm fdio
.Nd floppy disk control operations
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/fdio.h
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The Solaris floppy driver supports a set of
.Xr ioctl 2
requests for getting and setting the floppy drive characteristics.
Basic to these
.Xr ioctl 2
requests are the definitions in
.In sys/fdio.h .
.Sh IOCTLS
The following
.Xr ioctl 2
requests are available on the Solaris floppy driver.
.Bl -tag -width FDDEFGEOCHAR
.It Dv FDDEFGEOCHAR
x86 based systems:  This
.Xr ioctl 2
forces the floppy driver to restore
the diskette and drive characteristics and geometry, and partition information
to default values based on the device configuration.
.It Dv FDGETCHANGE
The argument is a pointer to an
.Vt int .
This
.Xr ioctl 2
returns the status of the diskette-changed signal from the floppy interface.
The following defines are provided for cohesion.
.El
.Pp
Note: For x86 based systems, use
.Dv FDGC_DETECTED
(which is available only on x86 based systems) instead of
.Dv FDGC_HISTORY .
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Used by FDGETCHANGE, returned state of the sense disk change bit.
 */
#define FDGC_HISTORY  0x01	 /*
				  * disk has changed since insertion or
                                  * last FDGETCHANGE call
				  */
#define FDGC_CURRENT  0x02	 /*
				  * if set, indicates drive has floppy,
                                  * otherwise, drive is empty
				  */
#define FDGC_CURWPROT 0x10	 /* current state of write protect */
#define FDGC_DETECTED 0x20	 /* previous state of DISK CHANGE */
.Ed
.Bl -tag -width FDIOGCHAR
.It Dv FDIOGCHAR
The argument is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_char
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
gets the characteristics of the floppy diskette from the floppy controller.
.It Dv FDIOSCHAR
The argument is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_char
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
sets the characteristics of the floppy diskette for the floppy controller.
Typical values in the
.Vt fd_char
structure for a high density diskette:
.Bl -column fdc_stransfer_rate value "{ This field doesn't apply. }"
.It Field Ta Value Ta
.It fdc_medium Ta 0 Ta
.It fdc_transfer_rate Ta 500 Ta
.It fdc_ncyl Ta 80 Ta
.It fdc_nhead Ta 2 Ta
.It fdc_sec_size Ta 512 Ta
.It fdc_secptrack Ta 18 Ta
.It fdc_steps Ta -1 Ta { This field doesn't apply. }
.El
.El
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Floppy characteristics
 */
struct fd_char {
 uchar_t fdc_medium;    /* equals 1 if floppy is medium density format */
 int fdc_transfer_rate; /* transfer rate */
 int fdc_ncyl;          /* number of cylinders */
 int fdc_nhead;         /* number of heads */
 int fdc_sec_size;      /* sector size */
 int fdc_secptrack;     /* sectors per track */
 int fdc_steps;         /* no. of steps per data track */
};
.Ed
.Bl -tag -width FDGETDRIVECHAR
.It Dv FDGETDRIVECHAR
The argument to this
.Xr ioctl 2
is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_drive
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
gets the characteristics of the floppy drive from the floppy controller.
.It Dv FDSETDRIVECHAR
x86 based systems:  The argument to this
.Xr ioctl 2
is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_drive
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
sets the characteristics of the floppy drive for the floppy controller.
Only
.Fa fdd_steprate ,
.Fa fdd_headsettle ,
.Fa fdd_motoron ,
and
.Fa fdd_motoroff
are actually used by the floppy disk driver.
.El
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Floppy Drive characteristics
 */
struct fd_drive {
    int	fdd_ejectable;    /* does the drive support eject? */
    int	fdd_maxsearch;    /* size of per-unit search table */
    int	fdd_writeprecomp; /* cyl to start write precompensation */
    int	fdd_writereduce;  /* cyl to start reducing write current */
    int	fdd_stepwidth;    /* width of step pulse in 1 us units */
    int	fdd_steprate;     /* step rate in 100 us units */
    int	fdd_headsettle;   /* delay, in 100 us units */
    int	fdd_headload;     /* delay, in 100 us units */
    int	fdd_headunload;   /* delay, in 100 us units */
    int	fdd_motoron;      /* delay, in 100 ms units */
    int	fdd_motoroff;     /* delay, in 100 ms units */
    int	fdd_precomplevel; /* bit shift, in nano-secs */
    int	fdd_pins;         /* defines meaning of pin 1, 2, 4 and 34 */
    int	fdd_flags;        /* TRUE READY, Starting Sector #, & Motor On */
};
.Ed
.Bl -tag -width FDGETSEARCH
.It Dv FDGETSEARCH
Not available.
.It Dv FDSETSEARCH
Not available.
.It Dv FDEJECT
SPARC:  This
.Xr ioctl 2
requests the floppy drive to eject the diskette.
.It Dv FDIOCMD
The argument is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_cmd
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
allows access to the floppy diskette using the floppy device driver.
Only the
.Dv FDCMD_WRITE ,
.Dv FDCMD_READ ,
and
.Dv FDCMD_FORMAT_TRACK
commands are currently available.
.El
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
struct fd_cmd {
	ushort_t fdc_cmd;      /* command to be executed */
	int      fdc_flags;    /* execution flags (x86 only) */
	daddr_t  fdc_blkno;    /* disk address for command */
	int      fdc_secnt;    /* sector count for command */
	caddr_t  fdc_bufaddr;  /* user's buffer address */
	uint_t   fdc_buflen;   /* size of user's buffer */
};
.Ed
.Pp
Please note that the
.Fa fdc_buflen
field is currently unused.
The
.Fa fdc_secnt
field is used to calculate the transfer size, and the buffer is
assumed to be large enough to accommodate the transfer.
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Floppy commands
 */
#define	FDCMD_WRITE	1
#define	FDCMD_READ	2
#define	FDCMD_SEEK	3
#define	FDCMD_REZERO	4
#define	FDCMD_FORMAT_UNIT	5
#define	FDCMD_FORMAT_TRACK	6
.Ed
.Bl -tag -width FDRAW
.It Dv FDRAW
The argument is a pointer to an
.Vt fd_raw
structure (described below).
This
.Xr ioctl 2
allows direct control of the floppy drive using the floppy controller.
Refer to the appropriate floppy-controller data sheet for full
details on required command bytes and returned result bytes.
The following commands are supported.
.El
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Floppy raw commands
 */
#define FDRAW_SPECIFY	0x03
#define FDRAW_READID	0x0a	(x86 only)
#define FDRAW_SENSE_DRV	0x04
#define FDRAW_REZERO	0x07
#define FDRAW_SEEK	0x0f
#define FDRAW_SENSE_INT	0x08	(x86 only)
#define FDRAW_FORMAT	0x0d
#define FDRAW_READTRACK	0x02
#define FDRAW_WRCMD	0x05
#define FDRAW_RDCMD	0x06
#define FDRAW_WRITEDEL	0x09
#define FDRAW_READDEL   0x0c
.Ed
.Pp
Please note that when using
.Dv FDRAW_SEEK
or
.Dv FDRAW_REZERO ,
the driver automatically issues a
.Dv FDRAW_SENSE_INT
command to clear the interrupt from the
.Dv FDRAW_SEEK
or the
.Dv FDRAW_REZERO .
The result bytes returned by these commands are the results from the
.Dv DRAW_SENSE_INT
command.
Please see the floppy-controller data sheet for
more details on
.Dv FDRAW_SENSE_INT .
.Bd -literal -offset 2n
/*
 * Used by FDRAW
 */
struct    fd_raw {
   char     fdr_cmd[10];   /* user-supplied command bytes */
   short    fdr_cnum;      /* number of command bytes */
   char     fdr_result[10];  /* controller-supplied result bytes */
   ushort_t fdr_nbytes;    /* number to transfer if read/write command */
   char     *fdr_addr;     /* where to transfer if read/write command */
};
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ioctl 2 ,
.Xr fd 4D ,
.Xr dkio 4I ,
.Xr hdio 4I