.\"-
.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2015 Adrian Chadd <adrian@FreeBSD.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
.Dd November 10, 2024
.Dt OTUS 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm otus
.Nd Atheros AR9170 USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network driver
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device ehci"
.Cd "device uhci"
.Cd "device ohci"
.Cd "device usb"
.Cd "device otus"
.Cd "device wlan"
.Ed
.Pp
Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time,
place the following line in
.Xr loader.conf 5 :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
if_otus_load="YES"
.Ed
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on the Atheros
AR9170 chipset.
.Pp
The Atheros AR9170 is a draft-802.11n adapter that uses an external
radio to operate in either 2.4GHz only or 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
.Pp
The AR9101 radio supports 1T1R operation in 2GHz only.
.Pp
The AR9102 radio supports 2T2R operation in 2GHz only.
.Pp
The AR9104 radio supports 2T2R operation both 2GHz and 5GHz.
.Pp
These are the modes the
.Nm
driver can operate in:
.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX"
.It BSS mode
Also known as
.Em infrastructure
mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through
which all traffic passes.
This mode is the default.
.El
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver can be configured to use
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK).
WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks.
It is strongly recommended that WEP
not be used as the sole mechanism
to secure wireless communication,
due to serious weaknesses in it.
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver can be configured at runtime with
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
.Sh HARDWARE
The
.Nm
driver provides support for Atheros AR9170 USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n
wireless network adapters, including:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
3Com 3CRUSBN275
.It
Arcadyan WN7512
.\" .It AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N
.It
CACE AirPcap \&Nx
.It
D-Link DWA-130 rev \&D1
.It
D-Link DWA-160 rev A1
.It
D-Link DWA-160 rev A2
.It
IO-Data WN-GDN/US2
.It
NEC Aterm WL300NU-G
.It
Netgear WNDA3100
.It
Netgear WN111 v2
.It
Planex GW-US300
.It
SMC Networks SMCWUSB-N2
.It
TP-Link TL-WN821N v1, v2
.It
Ubiquiti SR71 USB
.It
Unex DNUA-81
.It
Z-Com UB81
.It
Z-Com UB82
.It
ZyXEL NWD-271N
.El
.Sh FILES
The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware files,
which is loaded when an interface is attached:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
.It Pa /boot/kernel/otusfw-init.ko
.It Pa /boot/kernel/otusfw-main.ko
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):
.Pp
.Dl ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0 inet 192.0.2.20/24
.Pp
Join a specific BSS network with network name
.Ar my_net :
.Pp
.Dl ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0 ssid my_net up
.Pp
Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0 ssid my_net \e
    wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up
.Ed
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -diag
.It "%s: failed load firmware of file otusfw-main"
For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the
filesystem.
The file might be missing or corrupted.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr intro 1 ,
.Xr netintro 4 ,
.Xr otusfw 4 ,
.Xr usb 4 ,
.Xr wlan 4 ,
.Xr arp 8 ,
.Xr hostapd 8 ,
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
.Xr wpa_supplicant 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
driver first appeared in
.Ox 4.6
and
.Fx 11 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
The
.Nm
driver was written by
.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien@openbsd.org
and ported by
.An Adrian Chadd Aq Mt adrian@freebsd.org .
.Sh CAVEATS
The
.Nm
driver only supports 802.11a/b/g operations.
802.11n operation is not supported at this time.