.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.ds CH
.ds CF
.de TS
.br
.if !\\n(1T .RT
.ul 0
.ti \\n(.iu
.if t .sp 0.25
.if n .sp
.if \\$1H .TQ
.nr IX 1
..
.nr PS 9
.ps 9
.nr VS 11
.vs 11
.nr HM .50i
.nr FM .25i
.nr PO 1.0i
.po 1.0i
.nr LL 4.5i
.ll 4.5i
.de nc
.bp
..
.de h
.LG
.B
\\$1
.R
.NL
..
.LG
.LG
.B
.ce
Ex Quick Reference
.R
.NL
.LP
.LP
.h "Entering/leaving ex"
.TS
aw(1.4i)b aw(1.8i).
% ex \fIname\fP	edit \fIname\fP, start at end
% ex +\fIn\fP \fIname\fP	... at line \fIn\fP
% ex \-t \fItag\fP	start at \fItag\fP
% ex \-r	list saved files
% ex \-r \fIname\fP	recover file \fIname\fP
% ex \fIname\fP ...	edit first; rest via \fB:n\fP
% ex \-R \fIname\fP 	read only mode
: x	exit, saving changes
: q!	exit, discarding changes
.TE
.h "Ex states"
.TS
lw(1i) lw(2.0i).
Command	T{
Normal and initial state.  Input prompted for by \fB:\fP.
Your kill character cancels partial command.
T}
Insert	T{
Entered by \fBa\fP \fBi\fP and \fBc\fP.
Arbitrary text then terminates with line having only \fB.\fP
character on it or abnormally with interrupt.
T}
Open/visual	T{
Entered by \fBopen\fP or \fBvi\fP, terminates with \fBQ\fP
or ^\e.
T}
.TE
.h "Ex commands"
.TS
lw(.45i) lw(.08i)b lw(.45i) lw(.08i)b lw(.45i) lw(.08i)b.
abbrev	ab	next	n	unabbrev	una
append	a	number	nu	undo	u
args	ar	open	o	unmap	unm
change	c	preserve	pre	version	ve
copy	co	print	p	visual	vi
delete	d	put	pu	write	w
edit	e	quit	q	xit	x
file	f	read	re	yank	ya
global	g	recover	rec	\fIwindow\fP	z
insert	i	rewind	rew	\fIescape\fP	!
join	j	set	se	\fIlshift\fP	<
list	l	shell	sh	\fIprint next\fP	\fRCR\fP
map		source	so	\fIresubst\fP	&
mark	ma	stop	st	\fIrshift\fP	>
move	m	substitute	s	\fIscroll\fP	^D
.TE
.h "Ex command addresses"
.TS
lw(.3i)b lw(0.8i) lw(.3i)b lw(0.8i).
\fIn\fP	line \fIn\fP	/\fIpat\fP	next with \fIpat\fP
\&.	current	?\fIpat\fP	previous with \fIpat\fP
$	last	\fIx\fP-\fIn\fP	\fIn\fP before \fIx\fP
+	next	\fIx\fP,\fIy\fP	\fIx\fP through \fIy\fP
\-	previous	\(aa\fIx\fP	marked with \fIx\fP
+\fIn\fP	\fIn\fP forward	\(aa\(aa	previous context
%	1,$
.TE
.nc
.h "Specifying terminal type"
.TS
aw(1.7i)b aw(1.5i).
% setenv TERM \fItype\fP	\fIcsh\fP and all version 6
$ TERM=\fItype\fP; export TERM	\fIsh\fP in Version 7
See also \fItset\fR(1)
.TE
.h "Some terminal types"
.TS
lw(.4i) lw(.4i) lw(.4i) lw(.4i) lw(.4i).
2621	43	adm31	dw1	h19
2645	733	adm3a	dw2	i100
300s	745	c100	gt40	mime
33	act4	dm1520	gt42	owl
37	act5	dm2500	h1500	t1061
4014	adm3	dm3025	h1510	vt52
.TE
.h "Initializing options"
.TS
lw(.9i)b aw(1.5i).
EXINIT	place \fBset\fP's here in environment var.
set \fIx\fP	enable option
set no\fIx\fP	disable option
set \fIx\fP=\fIval\fP	give value \fIval\fP
set	show changed options
set all	show all options
set \fIx\fP?	show value of option \fIx\fP
.TE
.h "Useful options"
.TS
lw(.9i)b lw(.3i) lw(1.0i).
autoindent	ai	supply indent
autowrite	aw	write before changing files
ignorecase	ic	in scanning
lisp		\fB( ) { }\fP are s-exp's
list		print ^I for tab, $ at end
magic		\fB. [ *\fP special in patterns
number	nu	number lines
paragraphs	para	macro names which start ...
redraw		simulate smart terminal
scroll		command mode lines
sections	sect	macro names ...
shiftwidth	sw	for \fB< >\fP, and input \fB^D\fP
showmatch	sm	to \fB)\fP and \fB}\fP as typed
slowopen	slow	choke updates during insert
window		visual mode lines
wrapscan	ws	around end of buffer?
wrapmargin	wm	automatic line splitting
.TE
.LP
.h "Scanning pattern formation"
.TS
aw(.9i)b aw(1.0i).
\(ua	beginning of line
$	end of line
\fB.\fR	any character
\e<	beginning of word
\e>	end of word
[\fIstr\fP]	any char in \fIstr\fP
[\(ua\fIstr\fP]	... not in \fIstr\fP
[\fIx\-y\fP]	... between \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP
*	any number of preceding
.TE
.nc
.LP
.LG
.LG
.B
.ce
Vi Quick Reference
.NL
.R
.LP
.LP
.h "Entering/leaving vi"
.TS
aw(1.4i)b aw(1.8i).
% vi \fIname\fP	edit \fIname\fP at top
% vi +\fIn\fP \fIname\fP	... at line \fIn\fP
% vi + \fIname\fP	... at end
% vi \-r	list saved files
% vi \-r \fIname\fP	recover file \fIname\fP
% vi \fIname\fP ...	edit first; rest via \fB:n\fP
% vi \-t \fItag\fP	start at \fItag\fP
% vi +/\fIpat\fP \fIname\fP	search for \fIpat\fP
% view \fIname\fP	read only mode
ZZ	exit from vi, saving changes
^Z	stop vi for later resumption
.TE
.h "The display"
.TS
lw(.75i) lw(2.2i).
Last line	T{
Error messages, echoing input to \fB: / ?\fP and \fB!\fR,
feedback about i/o and large changes.
T}
@ lines	On screen only, not in file.
~ lines	Lines past end of file.
^\fIx\fP	Control characters, ^? is delete.
tabs	Expand to spaces, cursor at last.
.TE
.LP
.h "Vi states"
.TS
lw(.75i) lw(2.2i).
Command	T{
Normal and initial state.  Others return here.
ESC (escape) cancels partial command.
T}
Insert	T{
Entered by \fBa i A I o O c C s S\fP \fBR\fP.
Arbitrary text then terminates with ESC character,
or abnormally with interrupt.
T}
Last line	T{
Reading input for \fB: / ?\fP or \fB!\fP; terminate
with ESC or CR to execute, interrupt to cancel.
T}
.TE
.h "Counts before vi commands"
.TS
lw(1.5i) lw(1.7i)b.
line/column number	z  G  |	
scroll amount	^D  ^U
replicate insert	a  i  A  I
repeat effect	\fRmost rest\fP
.TE
.h "Simple commands"
.TS
lw(1.5i)b lw(1.7i).
dw	delete a word
de	... leaving punctuation
dd	delete a line
3dd	... 3 lines
i\fItext\fP\fRESC\fP	insert text \fIabc\fP
cw\fInew\fP\fRESC\fP	change word to \fInew\fP
ea\fIs\fP\fRESC\fP	pluralize word
xp	transpose characters
.TE
.nc
.h "Interrupting, cancelling"
.TS
aw(0.75i)b aw(1.6i).
ESC	end insert or incomplete cmd
^?	(delete or rubout) interrupts
^L	reprint screen if \fB^?\fR scrambles it
.TE
.h "File manipulation"
.TS
aw(0.75i)b aw(1.6i).
:w	write back changes
:wq	write and quit
:q	quit
:q!	quit, discard changes
:e \fIname\fP	edit file \fIname\fP
:e!	reedit, discard changes
:e + \fIname\fP	edit, starting at end
:e +\fIn\fR	edit starting at line \fIn\fR
:e #	edit alternate file
^\(ua	synonym for \fB:e #\fP
:w \fIname\fP	write file \fIname\fP
:w! \fIname\fP	overwrite file \fIname\fP
:sh	run shell, then return
:!\fIcmd\fP	run \fIcmd\fR, then return
:n	edit next file in arglist
:n \fIargs\fP	specify new arglist
:f	show current file and line
^G	synonym for \fB:f\fP
:ta \fItag\fP	to tag file entry \fItag\fP
^]	\fB:ta\fP, following word is \fItag\fP
.TE
.h "Positioning within file"
.TS
aw(0.75i)b aw(1.6i).
^F	forward screenfull
^B	backward screenfull
^D	scroll down half screen
^U	scroll up half screen
G	goto line (end default)
/\fIpat\fR	next line matching \fIpat\fR
?\fIpat\fR	prev line matching \fIpat\fR
n	repeat last \fB/\fR or \fB?\fR
N	reverse last \fB/\fR or \fB?\fR
/\fIpat\fP/+\fIn\fP	n'th line after \fIpat\fR
?\fIpat\fP?\-\fIn\fP	n'th line before \fIpat\fR
]]	next section/function
[[	previous section/function
%	find matching \fB( ) {\fP or \fB}\fP
.TE
.h "Adjusting the screen"
.TS
aw(0.75i)b aw(1.6i).
^L	clear and redraw
^R	retype, eliminate @ lines
z\fRCR\fP	redraw, current at window top
z\-	... at bottom
z\|.	... at center
/\fIpat\fP/z\-	\fIpat\fP line at bottom
z\fIn\fP\|.	use \fIn\fP line window
^E	scroll window down 1 line
^Y	scroll window up 1 line
.TE
.nc
.h "Marking and returning
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
\(ga\(ga	previous context
\(aa\(aa	... at first non-white in line
m\fIx\fP	mark position with letter \fIx\fP
\(ga\fIx\fP	to mark \fIx\fP
\(aa\fIx\fP	... at first non-white in line
.TE
.h "Line positioning"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
H	home window line
L	last window line
M	middle window line
+	next line, at first non-white
\-	previous line, at first non-white
\fRCR\fP	return, same as +
\(da \fRor\fP j	next line, same column
\(ua \fRor\fP k	previous line, same column
.TE
.h "Character positioning"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
\(ua	first non white
0	beginning of line
$	end of line
h \fRor\fP \(->	forward
l \fRor\fP \(<-	backwards
^H	same as \fB\(<-\fP
\fRspace\fP	same as \fB\(->\fP
f\fIx\fP	find \fIx\fP forward
F\fIx\fP	\fBf\fR backward
t\fIx\fP	upto \fIx\fP forward
T\fIx\fP	back upto \fIx\fP
;	repeat last \fBf F t\fP or \fBT\fP
,	inverse of \fB;\fP
|	to specified column
%	find matching \fB( { )\fP or \fB}\fR
.TE
.h "Words, sentences, paragraphs"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
w	word forward
b	back word
e	end of word
)	to next sentence
}	to next paragraph
(	back sentence
{	back paragraph
W	blank delimited word
B	back \fBW\fP
E	to end of \fBW\fP
.TE
.h "Commands for \s-2LISP\s0"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
)	Forward s-expression
}	... but don't stop at atoms
(	Back s-expression
{	... but don't stop at atoms
.TE
.nc
.h "Corrections during insert"
.TS
aw(.5i)b aw(2.0i).
^H	erase last character
^W	erases last word
\fRerase\fP	your erase, same as \fB^H\fP
\fRkill\fP	your kill, erase input this line
\e	escapes \fB^H\fR, your erase and kill
\fRESC\fP	ends insertion, back to command
^?	interrupt, terminates insert
^D	backtab over \fIautoindent\fP
\(ua^D	kill \fIautoindent\fP, save for next
0^D	... but at margin next also
^V	quote non-printing character
.TE
.h "Insert and replace"
.TS
aw(.5i)b aw(2.0i).
a	append after cursor
i	insert before
A	append at end of line
I	insert before first non-blank
o	open line below
O	open above
r\fIx\fP	replace single char with \fIx\fP
R	replace characters
.TE
.h "Operators (double to affect lines)"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
d	delete
c	change
<	left shift
>	right shift
!	filter through command
\&=	indent for \s-2LISP\s0
y	yank lines to buffer
.TE
.h "Miscellaneous operations"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
C	change rest of line
D	delete rest of line
s	substitute chars
S	substitute lines
J	join lines
x	delete characters
X	... before cursor
Y	yank lines
.TE
.h "Yank and put"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
p	put back lines
P	put before
"\fIx\fPp	put from buffer \fIx\fP
"\fIx\fPy	yank to buffer \fIx\fP
"\fIx\fPd	delete into buffer \fIx\fP
.TE
.h "Undo, redo, retrieve"
.TS
aw(0.5i)b aw(2.0i).
u	undo last change
U	restore current line
\fB.\fP	repeat last change
"\fId\fP\|p	retrieve \fId\fP'th last delete
.TE